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Introduction to Fibroblasts01:09

Introduction to Fibroblasts

Rudolph Virchow discovered spindle-shaped cells called fibroblasts in 1858. Inactive fibroblasts, called fibrocytes, become activated by various stimuli, such as growth factors and inflammatory cytokines. Activated fibroblasts play a crucial role in wound healing, inflammation, formation of new blood vessels, and cancer progression. Uncontrolled activation of fibroblasts results in fibrosis, the excess deposition of fibrous tissue, which can lead to scarring and affect normal organs. This...

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Ultrasonic-augmented Primary Adult Fibroblast Isolation
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Multinucleated giant cells from fibroblast cultures.

Dolly J Holt1, David W Grainger

  • 1Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112-5820, USA.

Biomaterials
|March 15, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Multinucleated giant cells can form from fibroblasts, not just macrophages. These cells arise through distinct mechanisms in different fibroblast types, impacting their role in disease.

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Multinucleated giant cells (MGCs) are typically derived from macrophages.
  • MGCs originating from other cell types, such as fibroblasts, are less understood but may be prevalent in pathological tissues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the origin and formation mechanisms of MGCs derived from fibroblasts.
  • To compare MGC formation in different fibroblast sources (immortalized vs. primary) and culture conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Co-culture of NIH 3T3 fibroblasts with RAW 264.7 macrophages.
  • Culture of primary murine fibroblasts with and without macrophages.
  • Long-term culture assays (5-30 days).

Main Results:

  • Secondary-transformed NIH 3T3 fibroblasts rapidly fuse with macrophages in contact co-cultures.

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  • Primary-derived murine fibroblasts form MGCs through nuclear division without cytokinesis, not fusion.
  • MGC formation in primary fibroblasts occurs independently of macrophage presence but increases with culture duration.

    • Conclusions:

    • Fibroblasts can generate MGCs via distinct mechanisms (fusion or nuclear division without cytokinesis).
    • These differing origins may influence MGC behavior in vitro and in fibroblastic pathologies like fibrosis and cancer.