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Sneeze-evoking region within the brainstem.

S Nonaka1, T Unno, Y Ohta

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, Asahikawa Medical College, Hokkaido, Japan.

Brain Research
|March 19, 1990
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Researchers identified a specific brainstem region controlling the sneeze reflex in decerebrate cats. This area integrates signals to coordinate muscles involved in sneezing, triggered by nasal or electrical stimulation.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Sneezing is a complex reflex protecting the airways.
  • The precise neuronal control of the sneeze reflex remains incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the central nervous system mechanisms underlying the sneeze reflex.
  • To identify the specific brainstem region responsible for initiating and coordinating sneezes.

Main Methods:

  • Experiments were conducted on precollicular-postmammillary decerebrate cats.
  • Sneezes were induced via mechanical stimulation of the nasal membrane and electrical stimulation of the lower brainstem.
  • Electromyographic (EMG) activity and subglottic pressure were recorded.

Main Results:

  • Both nasal and electrical brainstem stimulation successfully evoked sneezes.

Related Experiment Videos

  • The sneeze-evoking region was localized to the ventromedial spinal trigeminal nucleus and adjacent pontine-medullary lateral reticular formation.
  • EMG and subglottic pressure changes were consistent between nasal- and brainstem-induced sneezes, indicating a common motor output.

    • Conclusions:

    • A distinct sneeze-evoking region exists in the brainstem.
    • This region appears to exert homogeneous control over epipharyngeal, laryngeal, and respiratory muscles.
    • The integrated muscle activity controlled by this region is fundamental to sneeze generation.