Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 3, 2026
06:59
A Novel Approach for the Administration of Medications and Fluids in Emergency Scenarios and Settings
Published on: November 9, 2016
Management of common oncologic emergencies
1Pediatric Oncology Division, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India. drrachnaseth@yahoo.co.in
Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|March 15, 2011
Summary
Recognizing and managing oncologic emergencies like Superior Vena Cava Syndrome (SVCS) and Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS) is crucial. Prompt diagnosis and treatment, including hydration and specific therapies, improve patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Emergency Medicine
Background:
- Oncologic emergencies pose significant risks to patients undergoing cancer treatment.
- Common emergencies include Superior Vena Cava Syndrome (SVCS), Superior Mediastinal Syndrome (SMS), Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS), hyperleukocytosis, and febrile neutropenia.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline the key oncologic emergencies.
- To detail diagnostic and management strategies for these critical conditions.
Main Methods:
- Review of established diagnostic criteria for each emergency.
- Summary of recommended immediate interventions and treatments.
Main Results:
- SVCS/SMS requires early diagnosis, steroids, and avoidance of sedatives.
- TLS management involves hydration, allopurinol, and urine alkalinization.
- Hyperleukocytosis and febrile neutropenia necessitate hydration, chemotherapy, and prompt antimicrobial therapy, respectively.
Conclusions:
- Early recognition and intervention are critical for managing oncologic emergencies.
- Tailored treatment strategies based on the specific emergency improve patient survival and quality of life.
Related Concept Videos
01:21Cancer Survival Analysis
Cancer survival analysis focuses on quantifying and interpreting the time from a key starting point, such as diagnosis or the initiation of treatment, to a specific endpoint, such as remission or death. This analysis provides critical insights into treatment effectiveness and factors that influence patient outcomes, helping to shape clinical decisions and guide prognostic evaluations. A cornerstone of oncology research, survival analysis tackles the challenges of skewed, non-normally...
01:30Introduction Cardiac Emergencies
Cardiac emergencies are critical situations involving the heart that require immediate medical intervention to prevent severe complications or death. These emergencies often arise from underlying heart conditions that impair the heart's ability to function correctly.Types of Cardiac EmergenciesThe most common types of cardiac emergencies include Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS), myocardial infarction (MI), cardiac arrest, and heart failure.Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)...
01:28Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management
Esophageal varices often manifest as gastrointestinal bleeding episodes, presenting symptoms like hematemesis (vomiting of blood), hematochezia (passing fresh blood via the rectum), and melena (black, tarry stools). Other signs can include weight loss, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, jaundice, pruritus, altered mental status, and muscle cramps.
In the initial assessment, a thorough review of the patient's medical history is vital to identify risk factors such as liver disease, alcohol abuse, or...
In the initial assessment, a thorough review of the patient's medical history is vital to identify risk factors such as liver disease, alcohol abuse, or...
02:56Treatment Resistent Cancers
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
01:30Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation V: Advanced Airway Management Techniques
Airway management is essential in emergency and surgical medicine, ensuring ventilation and oxygenation in patients who cannot maintain their own airway. Clinicians use a range of techniques and devices to secure the airway, depending on the patient’s condition and the clinical context. Key methods include endotracheal intubation, rapid sequence intubation (RSI), supraglottic airway devices, and advanced visualization aids. In cases where these approaches fail, surgical airway interventions are...
01:28Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management
Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction who remain symptomatic despite optimal medical therapy may undergo a septal myectomy (Morrow procedure). This procedure involves excising a portion of the hypertrophied septum below the aortic valve using a heart-lung machine to improve blood flow through the LVOT. Effective preoperative and postoperative nursing management ensures successful patient outcomes, minimizes complications, and...