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Related Concept Videos

Increased Intracranial Pressure l: Introduction01:14

Increased Intracranial Pressure l: Introduction

Intracranial hypertension is a sustained elevation of intracranial pressure (ICP) above 22 mm Hg. In supine adults, normal ICP is ~7–15 mm Hg.The rigid, nonexpandable cranium contains three components—brain tissue, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)—that total ~1,700 mL in a typical adult: 1,400 mL brain (~80%), 150 mL blood (~10%), and 150 mL CSF (~10%). According to the Monro–Kellie doctrine, total intracranial volume is effectively fixed. When one component expands, CSF and venous blood...
Introduction Cardiac Emergencies01:30

Introduction Cardiac Emergencies

Cardiac emergencies are critical situations involving the heart that require immediate medical intervention to prevent severe complications or death. These emergencies often arise from underlying heart conditions that impair the heart's ability to function correctly.Types of Cardiac EmergenciesThe most common types of cardiac emergencies include Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS), myocardial infarction (MI), cardiac arrest, and heart failure.Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)...
Increased Intracranial Pressure ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Increased Intracranial Pressure ll: Pathophysiology

Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) refers to a potentially life-threatening rise in pressure inside the skull. This usually happens when there is a major change in the volume of brain tissue, blood, or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) — the three components inside the skull. According to the Monro-Kellie doctrine, if the volume of one component increases, the volumes of the other components must decrease to maintain normal pressure. If this does not happen, ICP rises.The process often begins with...
Acute Respiratory Failure-IV01:23

Acute Respiratory Failure-IV

Respiratory failure can manifest suddenly or gradually, characterized by a rapid decline in PaO2 and a rapid rise in PaCO2. This situation indicates a severe respiratory problem that may quickly become a life-threatening emergency. One of the early signs of hypoxemic Acute Respiratory Failure (ARF) is a change in mental status due to the brain's sensitivity to oxygen levels and changes in acid-base balance. Symptoms such as restlessness, confusion, and agitation suggest inadequate oxygen...
Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction01:17

Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction

A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...
Methods of reducing fever01:22

Methods of reducing fever

The signs and symptoms of fever include hot and dry skin, flushed face, thirst, muscle aches, anorexia, headache, tachycardia, tachypnea, and fatigue. Elevated body temperature is reduced using two methods: pharmacological and nonpharmacological. Proper identification and treatment of the root cause of a fever is of utmost importance.
Pharmacological Methods of Reducing Fever:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
10:39

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Published on: June 2, 2014

Headache in the emergency department.

Benjamin W Friedman1, Richard B Lipton

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA. BWFriedmanMD@gmail.com

Current Pain and Headache Reports
|March 15, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Recent emergency medicine research streamlines nontraumatic headache diagnosis, especially subarachnoid hemorrhage detection. New trials compare parenteral treatments for acute migraine, guiding optimal patient care.

Area of Science:

  • Emergency medicine
  • Neurology
  • Clinical research

Background:

  • Emergency departments focus on optimizing patient care and throughput.
  • Headache management is a key area of clinical research in emergency medicine.
  • Nontraumatic headaches and acute migraines require efficient diagnostic and treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent clinical research in emergency medicine concerning headache management.
  • To highlight advancements in diagnosing nontraumatic headaches, including subarachnoid hemorrhage.
  • To contextualize findings from comparative efficacy trials for acute migraine treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent clinical research publications.
  • Analysis of studies focusing on diagnostic workups for nontraumatic headaches.

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Expired CO2 Measurement in Intubated or Spontaneously Breathing Patients from the Emergency Department
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  • Evaluation of comparative efficacy trials for parenteral migraine treatments.

    • Main Results:

    • Developments aim to streamline the diagnostic process for nontraumatic headaches.
    • Research improves the identification of subarachnoid hemorrhage.
    • Comparative trials offer guidance on the most effective parenteral medications for acute migraine.

    Conclusions:

    • Recent advancements enhance the management of headaches in acute care settings.
    • Improved diagnostic tools and treatment options benefit emergency medicine patients.
    • The reviewed research supports evidence-based protocols for headache care.