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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...
Essential Minerals for Bone Health01:31

Essential Minerals for Bone Health

The minerals contained in all of the food we consume are essential for our organ systems. However, certain essential minerals, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and fluoride, largely affect bone health.
Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium is a critical component of bones, especially in the form of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. Since the body cannot make calcium, it must be obtained from the diet. However, calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine without...
What is the Skeletal System?01:02

What is the Skeletal System?

Overview

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Related Experiment Videos

[Osteoporosis].

Brigitte Uebelhart1, René Rizzoli

  • 1Service des maladies osseuses, Département de réhabilitation et de gériatrie, HUG et Faculté de médecine, 1211 Genève 14. Brigitte.Uebelhart@hcuge.ch

Revue Medicale Suisse
|March 16, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Calcium and vitamin D supplements are recommended based on dietary needs. Several medications, including denosumab and zoledronate, effectively treat osteoporosis and prevent bone loss, with ongoing discussions about bisphosphonate side effects.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Bone Metabolism
  • Endocrinology

Context:

  • Review of current therapeutic strategies for bone health.
  • Consideration of calcium and vitamin D supplementation guidelines.
  • Examination of treatments for osteoporosis and bone loss.

Purpose:

  • To provide an overview of bone health treatments.
  • To discuss the efficacy and application of various bone-active agents.
  • To highlight considerations for supplement use and drug registration.

Summary:

  • Calcium and vitamin D intake should align with individual dietary needs.
  • Medications like denosumab and zoledronate are effective for postmenopausal osteoporosis and hormone-deprivation-induced bone loss.
  • Teriparatide shows benefits for maxillary bone, while odanacatib reduces bone resorption and increases bone mineral density.
  • Cinacalcet is a potential long-term treatment for hyperparathyroidism.
  • Adverse events of bisphosphonates remain under discussion; strontium ranelate will not be introduced in Switzerland.

Impact:

  • Informs clinical practice regarding osteoporosis management.
  • Provides insights into the comparative efficacy of bone-modifying agents.
  • Contributes to understanding the landscape of bone health therapeutics.