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Related Concept Videos

Amyloid Fibrils03:03

Amyloid Fibrils

Amyloid fibrils are aggregates of misfolded proteins.  Under most circumstances, misfolded proteins are either refolded by chaperone proteins or degraded by the proteasome. However, in the case of a mutation or a disease, these proteins can accumulate to form large clusters and often further assemble to form elongated fibers, called fibrils. 
Amyloid deposits were observed as early as 1639 in the liver and the spleen.   In 1854, Rudolph Virchow performed iodine staining, normally used to...
Amyloid Fibrils03:03

Amyloid Fibrils

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Proteoglycans01:05

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Performing and Processing FNA of Anterior Fat Pad for Amyloid
09:41

Performing and Processing FNA of Anterior Fat Pad for Amyloid

Published on: October 30, 2010

Macroglossia - not always AL amyloidosis.

Andrew J Cowan1, Martha Skinner, John L Berk

  • 1Department of Medicine, Amyloid Treatment and Research Program, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Massachusetts, USA.

Amyloid : the International Journal of Experimental and Clinical Investigation : the Official Journal of the International Society of Amyloidosis
|March 16, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Systemic amyloidosis, including AL and transthyretin (ATTR) amyloidosis, can present with macroglossia. This finding, typically linked to AL amyloidosis, can also occur in ATTR amyloidosis, challenging clinical diagnosis.

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Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Performing and Processing FNA of Anterior Fat Pad for Amyloid
09:41

Performing and Processing FNA of Anterior Fat Pad for Amyloid

Published on: October 30, 2010

Detecting Glycogen in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells with Periodic Acid Schiff Staining
09:42

Detecting Glycogen in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells with Periodic Acid Schiff Staining

Published on: December 23, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Medicine
  • Pathology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • AL amyloidosis and transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR) are the most common systemic amyloidoses in the US.
  • Macroglossia is a hallmark of AL amyloidosis, often considered pathognomonic.

Observation:

  • Two challenging cases of systemic amyloidosis with macroglossia were reported.
  • Clinical diagnosis was difficult, necessitating advanced techniques for amyloid typing.

Findings:

  • Immunoelectron microscopy successfully differentiated between AL and ATTR amyloidosis in the reported cases.
  • Macroglossia, while more frequent in AL amyloidosis, was also observed in a case of ATTR amyloidosis.

Implications:

  • Clinical presentation alone is insufficient for accurate amyloidosis typing.
  • Immunoelectron microscopy is a valuable tool for diagnosing and differentiating systemic amyloidosis.
  • Macroglossia should be considered in the differential diagnosis of ATTR amyloidosis, not exclusively AL amyloidosis.