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Transversus abdominis muscle function in humans.

A De Troyer1, M Estenne, V Ninane

  • 1Respiratory Research Unit, Erasme University Hospital, Brussels School of Medicine, Belgium.

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|March 1, 1990
PubMed
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The transversus abdominis muscle activates earlier during breathing than other abdominal muscles. This suggests a lower threshold for expiratory muscle recruitment than previously understood.

Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • The abdominal muscles play a crucial role in respiration and postural control.
  • Understanding the recruitment patterns of individual abdominal muscles, particularly the transversus abdominis, is essential for respiratory and biomechanical research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the recruitment patterns of the transversus abdominis muscle compared to the external oblique and rectus abdominis during various respiratory and postural tasks.
  • To determine the activation threshold of the transversus abdominis during expiratory efforts.

Main Methods:

  • High-resolution ultrasound was used to record electrical activity from the transversus abdominis, external oblique, and rectus abdominis muscles in six healthy subjects.
  • Muscle activity was assessed during voluntary expiratory maneuvers, speaking, expulsive efforts, "belly-in" maneuvers, hyperoxic hypercapnia, and inspiratory elastic loading.

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Main Results:

  • The transversus abdominis generally contracted concurrently with the external oblique and rectus abdominis during voluntary efforts.
  • During hyperoxic hypercapnia and inspiratory elastic loading, the transversus abdominis exhibited earlier and more consistent expiratory activity compared to the superficial abdominal muscles.
  • Significant expiratory activity in the transversus abdominis was observed at lower ventilation rates (10-18 L/min) before activity was detected in the external oblique or rectus abdominis.

Conclusions:

  • The transversus abdominis muscle is preferentially recruited over superficial abdominal muscles during breathing in humans.
  • The threshold for recruiting abdominal muscles during expiration is lower than previously believed, with the transversus abdominis playing a key role at lower respiratory demands.