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Related Concept Videos

Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care01:29

Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care

Venous thrombosis requires effective prevention and treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes and reduce potential complications.Prevention StrategiesHealthcare providers must prioritize preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) for all adult patients upon admission. Interventions depend on bleeding and thrombosis risk, medical history, current medications, diagnoses, planned procedures, and patient preferences. Patients on bed rest should change positions every two hours and, if not...
Venous Thrombosis IV: Nursing Management01:30

Venous Thrombosis IV: Nursing Management

Nursing management begins with a thorough assessment of the patient's health history. Key factors include trauma to veins, peripherally inserted central catheters, varicose veins, recent pregnancy or childbirth, surgery, bacteremia, prolonged bed rest, atrial fibrillation, COPD, heart failure, cancer, coagulation disorders, myocardial infarction, spinal cord injury, stroke, prolonged travel, recent bone fractures, and dehydration. Review medication intake, particularly oral contraceptives,...
Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:29

Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

Diagnosing Pulmonary EmbolismDiagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical assessment and advanced imaging tests. The preferred diagnostic tool is the spiral (helical) CT scan or CT angiography (CTA), which uses intravenous contrast media to visualize the pulmonary vasculature and identify emboli.A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan is an alternative for patients unable to receive contrast media. This scan includes both perfusion and ventilation scanning. Perfusion scanning involves...
Pulmonary Embolism III: Nursing Management01:27

Pulmonary Embolism III: Nursing Management

A pulmonary embolism occurs when a thrombus, amniotic fluid, tumor tissue, fat, or air embolus blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. Effective nursing management and patient education are crucial for improving outcomes and preventing recurrence.Nursing management starts with obtaining a comprehensive patient history, particularly noting any history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Assess for clinical manifestations, including dyspnea, chest pain, crackles, heart murmurs, and signs of right-sided...
Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins01:30

Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins

Hemostasis is a crucial process that prevents excessive blood loss from damaged blood vessels. It involves various mechanisms such as vasoconstriction, platelet adhesion and activation, and fibrin formation. The importance of each mechanism depends on the type of vessel injury. In contrast, thrombosis is the abnormal formation of a blood clot within the blood vessels, leading to potential complications if the clot obstructs blood flow. Thrombosis can be caused by increased coagulability of the...
Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction01:30

Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction

Venous thrombosis, the most common disorder of the veins, involves the formation of a thrombus or blood clot associated with vein inflammation. It can be classified as either superficial vein thrombosis or deep vein thrombosis.Superficial Vein Thrombosis: This involves the formation of a thrombus in a superficial vein, usually the greater or lesser saphenous vein. Though less severe than deep vein thrombosis (DVT), SVT can lead to complications if untreated.Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): This...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Prehospital Thrombolysis: A Manual from Berlin
05:52

Prehospital Thrombolysis: A Manual from Berlin

Published on: November 26, 2013

Thrombosis prophylaxis in critically ill patients.

Dietmar Fries1

  • 1Department of General and Surgical Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria. dietmar.fries@i-med.ac.at

Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)
|March 16, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Critically ill patients face a high risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). New anticoagulants offer a promising alternative for prophylaxis, especially when heparin is less effective.

Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Hematology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) incidence in critically ill patients can reach 60%, necessitating prophylaxis.
  • Severe sepsis or septic shock patients require anticoagulation per Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines.
  • Risk factors for thromboembolic events in critical illness are multifactorial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss risk factors for thromboembolic events in critical illness.
  • To review non-pharmacologic and pharmacologic thrombosis prophylaxis methods.
  • To elaborate on heparin resistance and alternative anticoagulation strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of risk factors for thromboembolic events.
  • Discussion of non-pharmacologic and pharmacologic prophylaxis.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Prehospital Thrombolysis: A Manual from Berlin
05:52

Prehospital Thrombolysis: A Manual from Berlin

Published on: November 26, 2013

  • Analysis of heparin resistance pathophysiology.
  • Evaluation of continuous intravenous anticoagulants.

    • Main Results:

    • Subcutaneous low molecular weight heparin efficacy may be reduced by peripheral vasoconstriction, edema, shock, and catecholamines.
    • Heparin resistance is a significant issue in critically ill patients.
    • Continuous intravenous anticoagulants, such as argatroban, show promise.
    • Argatroban dosing in critical illness is significantly lower (approximately 10-fold) than in non-critically ill patients, guided by illness severity and SAPS II score.

    Conclusions:

    • Heparin resistance poses a challenge for DVT prophylaxis in critical care.
    • Continuous intravenous anticoagulation represents a viable alternative.
    • Individualized dosing of anticoagulants like argatroban is crucial in critically ill patients.