Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 28, 2025

Tail Vein Transection Bleeding Model in Fully Anesthetized Hemophilia A Mice
08:13

Tail Vein Transection Bleeding Model in Fully Anesthetized Hemophilia A Mice

Published on: September 30, 2021

7.1K

Direct thrombin and factor Xa inhibitors in children: a quest for new anticoagulants for children

Werner Streif1, Walter Ageno

  • 1Department of Paediatrics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria. werner.streif@i-med.ac.at

Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)
|March 16, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric venous thromboembolism (VTE) is rare but serious, primarily affecting newborns and adolescents with critical illnesses. This review examines new anticoagulants for children, with argatroban currently the only approved option.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Hematology
  • Thrombosis Research
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Venous thromboembolism (VTE) in children, though infrequent, carries substantial morbidity and mortality.
  • VTE predominantly impacts pediatric patients with severe underlying conditions and multiple risk factors, with newborns and adolescents being most vulnerable.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the characteristics of VTE in the pediatric population.
  • To evaluate the current knowledge regarding the use of novel anticoagulants in children.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on VTE in children.
  • Analysis of studies on new parenteral and oral anticoagulants (thrombin and factor Xa inhibitors).

Main Results:

  • Established anticoagulants like heparins and vitamin K antagonists are standard treatments for pediatric VTE.
  • Newer anticoagulants (e.g., argatroban, bivalirudin, fondaparinux, dabigatran, rivaroxaban) show promise but require further investigation in children.
  • Argatroban is the sole new anticoagulant currently licensed for pediatric use.

Conclusions:

  • The role of novel anticoagulants as alternatives for pediatric VTE treatment requires further definition.
  • Continued research is essential to establish the safety and efficacy of new anticoagulants in pediatric patients.

More Related Videos

Ferric Chloride-induced Murine Thrombosis Models10:37

Ferric Chloride-induced Murine Thrombosis Models

Published on: September 5, 2016

22.8K
Measurement of Factor V Activity in Human Plasma Using a Microplate Coagulation Assay13:08

Measurement of Factor V Activity in Human Plasma Using a Microplate Coagulation Assay

Published on: September 9, 2012

19.3K

Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
159
Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care01:29

Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care

Venous thrombosis requires effective prevention and treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes and reduce potential complications.Prevention StrategiesHealthcare providers must prioritize preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) for all adult patients upon admission. Interventions depend on bleeding and thrombosis risk, medical history, current medications, diagnoses, planned procedures, and patient preferences. Patients on bed rest should change positions every two hours and, if not...
228
Anticoagulant Drugs: Vitamin K Antagonists and Direct Oral Anticoagulants01:18

Anticoagulant Drugs: Vitamin K Antagonists and Direct Oral Anticoagulants

Oral anticoagulants are vital tools in preventing and treating blood clotting disorders. This diverse class of medications can be categorized as vitamin K antagonists, exemplified by warfarin, and direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs), such as dabigatran, as well as factor Xa inhibitors, including rivaroxaban.
Warfarin, a prominent vitamin K antagonist family member, exerts its effect by inhibiting the enzyme VKORC1 (vitamin K epoxide reductase complex 1). By hindering this enzyme, warfarin...
1.9K
Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins01:30

Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins

Hemostasis is a crucial process that prevents excessive blood loss from damaged blood vessels. It involves various mechanisms such as vasoconstriction, platelet adhesion and activation, and fibrin formation. The importance of each mechanism depends on the type of vessel injury. In contrast, thrombosis is the abnormal formation of a blood clot within the blood vessels, leading to potential complications if the clot obstructs blood flow. Thrombosis can be caused by increased coagulability of the...
1.5K
Antiplatelet Drugs: Prostaglandin Synthesis, P2Y12 and Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors01:20

Antiplatelet Drugs: Prostaglandin Synthesis, P2Y12 and Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors

Antiplatelet drugs emerge as frontline defenders against the insidious threat of thromboembolic diseases, where abnormal clots obstruct vital blood vessels. These drugs stand as bulwarks, inhibiting platelet aggregation and clot formation, thereby mitigating the risk of life-threatening conditions like myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, and thrombotic strokes.
Prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors, exemplified by the widely known aspirin, wield their power by irreversibly acetylating...
981
Clot Retraction and Fibrinolysis01:16

Clot Retraction and Fibrinolysis

After a fibrin clot is formed, the next step is clot retraction, a vital process facilitated by platelet contractile proteins, such as actin and myosin. These proteins pull the fibrin strands closer together and condense the clot. This action reduces the size of the clot, creating a smaller, denser structure that effectively seals off the damaged vessel. Clot retraction consolidates the clot and helps with wound healing by bringing the edges of the damaged blood vessel closer together.
8.1K