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Nonlinear atomic response to intense ultrashort x rays.

G Doumy¹, C Roedig, S-K Son

¹The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.

Physical Review Letters

|March 17, 2011

Summary

Intense X-rays cause nonlinear absorption in neon atoms, producing highly charged ions. This study reveals a faster-than-expected two-photon ionization process, significantly increasing the ionization cross-section for neon atoms.

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Area of Science:

Atomic Physics
Quantum Mechanics
X-ray Science

Background:

Understanding atomic response to intense radiation is crucial.
Previous models did not fully capture nonlinear absorption in neon.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate nonlinear absorption mechanisms in neon atoms.
Characterize the production of highly charged neon ions (Ne9+) under intense X-ray irradiation.

Main Methods:

Experimental observation of Ne9+ production below the Ne8+ 1s(2) absorption edge.
Analysis of the fluence dependence, showing a quadratic relationship.
Theoretical modeling of ionization processes.

Main Results:

Observed Ne9+ production with a clear quadratic dependence on X-ray fluence.
Identified a combined process of two-photon ionization and sequential excitation-ionization.
Found nonlinear direct two-photon ionization cross-section significantly higher than predicted.

Conclusions:

Neon atoms exhibit complex nonlinear absorption under intense femtosecond kilovolt X-rays.
The observed ionization dynamics are faster than Auger decay.
Current theoretical predictions underestimate the two-photon ionization cross-section in neon.