Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates01:17

Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates

Understanding steady, laminar flow between parallel plates is essential for analyzing and designing flow in narrow rectangular channels, commonly found in various water conveyance and drainage systems. The Navier-Stokes equations govern fluid motion and are generally challenging to solve due to their nonlinearity. However, simplifications are possible in certain cases, like the steady laminar flow between parallel plates. For this scenario, we assume steady, incompressible, laminar flow.
Fusion of Secretory Vesicles with the Plasma Membrane01:26

Fusion of Secretory Vesicles with the Plasma Membrane

Proteins and neurotransmitters in secretory vesicles can be released from a cell upon vesicle docking, priming, and fusion with the plasma membrane. Vesicles are docked and primed in preparation for the quick exocytosis of their contents in response to a stimulus. The fusion process is mainly carried out by a SNAP Receptor or SNARE complex, consisting of synaptobrevin, syntaxin-1, and SNAP-25.
In 1993, Jim Rothman proposed that the antiparallel pairing of vesicular and transmembrane SNAREs, or...
Shock Waves01:16

Shock Waves

While deriving the Doppler formula for the observed frequency of a sound wave, it is assumed that the speed of sound in the medium is greater than the source's speed through it. When this condition is breached, a shock wave occurs.
When the source's speed approaches the speed of sound, constructive interference between successive wavefronts emitted by the source occurs immediately behind it. Initially, scientists believed that this constructive interference would result in such high pressures...
Standing Waves in a Cavity01:28

Standing Waves in a Cavity

A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:
Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle01:19

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the most widely used plasma source in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), also known as Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The ICP source, or torch, consists of three concentric quartz tubes with argon gas flowing through them. A spark from a Tesla coil initiates the ionization of argon, generating a high-temperature plasma.
The ions and electrons produced interact with the fluctuating magnetic field created by a water-cooled...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Beyond the Beam: Multimodal Imaging and Surveillance of Post-Radiotherapy Changes in the Breast.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Radiomic Characterization of Adrenal Incidentalomas on NECT: Retrospective Exploratory Study and Systematic Review.

Journal of imaging·2026
Same author

Non-invasive ultrasound assessment of chronic liver disease: current position and future directions for a "one-stop" liver ultrasound approach.

Insights into imaging·2026
Same author

MRI for Acute Pelvic Pain in Pediatric Females After Inconclusive Ultrasound: Diagnostic Performance of Non-Contrast-Enhanced and Contrast-Enhanced Protocols.

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

A visual imagery paradigm for BCI strategies using imagined flickering patterns.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Association Between ADA (Age-D-dimer-Albumin) Score and Chest CT Severity Score in COVID-19 Pneumonia.

Journal of personalized medicine·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Emission Spectroscopic Boundary Layer Investigation during Ablative Material Testing in Plasmatron
09:41

Emission Spectroscopic Boundary Layer Investigation during Ablative Material Testing in Plasmatron

Published on: June 9, 2016

Existence of subsonic plasma sheaths.

Joaquim Loizu1, Paolo Ricci, Christian Theiler

  • 1Centre de Recherches en Physique des Plasmas-École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Association EURATOM-Confédération Suisse, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. joaquim.loizu@epfl.ch

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|March 17, 2011
PubMed
Summary

The plasma sheath edge location is derived using kinetic plasma descriptions. Bohm

Area of Science:

  • Plasma physics
  • Kinetic theory
  • Computational plasma physics

Background:

  • The plasma sheath is a critical boundary layer where plasma properties change significantly.
  • The Bohm criterion (ion velocity equals sound speed at the sheath edge) is a widely used condition for sheath formation.
  • Existing models often assume the Bohm criterion is universally applicable.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To rigorously derive the plasma sheath edge location using a kinetic plasma description.
  • To investigate the validity and limitations of the Bohm criterion under various plasma conditions.
  • To analyze sheath-edge transitions in different current scenarios.

Main Methods:

  • Analytical derivation using kinetic plasma theory.
  • Numerical simulations using a fully kinetic particle-in-cell (PIC) code.

More Related Videos

Building Langmuir Probes and Emissive Probes for Plasma Potential Measurements in Low Pressure, Low Temperature Plasmas
08:10

Building Langmuir Probes and Emissive Probes for Plasma Potential Measurements in Low Pressure, Low Temperature Plasmas

Published on: May 25, 2021

Treating Surfaces with a Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma using the COST-Jet
06:36

Treating Surfaces with a Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma using the COST-Jet

Published on: November 2, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Emission Spectroscopic Boundary Layer Investigation during Ablative Material Testing in Plasmatron
09:41

Emission Spectroscopic Boundary Layer Investigation during Ablative Material Testing in Plasmatron

Published on: June 9, 2016

Building Langmuir Probes and Emissive Probes for Plasma Potential Measurements in Low Pressure, Low Temperature Plasmas
08:10

Building Langmuir Probes and Emissive Probes for Plasma Potential Measurements in Low Pressure, Low Temperature Plasmas

Published on: May 25, 2021

Treating Surfaces with a Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma using the COST-Jet
06:36

Treating Surfaces with a Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma using the COST-Jet

Published on: November 2, 2020

  • Modeling of a source-driven, weakly collisional plasma between two absorbing walls.

    • Main Results:

    • Plasma sheaths can exist with ion velocities below the Bohm criterion threshold.
    • The Bohm criterion is recovered for large ion currents and is a good approximation for floating potentials.
    • The Bohm criterion fails to describe sheath-edge transitions when electron current predominates.

    Conclusions:

    • The Bohm criterion is not universally applicable for defining the plasma sheath edge.
    • Kinetic effects are crucial for accurately describing sheath-edge transitions, especially under electron-rich current conditions.
    • Particle-in-cell simulations validate the analytical findings on sheath dynamics.