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Related Concept Videos

Sound Waves: Resonance01:14

Sound Waves: Resonance

Resonance is produced depending on the boundary conditions imposed on a wave. Resonance can be produced in a string under tension with symmetrical boundary conditions (i.e., has a node at each end). A node is defined as a fixed point where the string does not move. The symmetrical boundary conditions result in some frequencies resonating and producing standing waves, while other frequencies interfere destructively. Sound waves can resonate in a hollow tube, and the frequencies of the sound...
Concept of Resonance and its Characteristics01:19

Concept of Resonance and its Characteristics

If a driven oscillator needs to resonate at a specific frequency, then very light damping is required. An example of light damping includes playing piano strings and many other musical instruments. Conversely, to achieve small-amplitude oscillations as in a car's suspension system, heavy damping is required. Heavy damping reduces the amplitude, but the tradeoff is that the system responds at more frequencies. Speed bumps and gravel roads prove that even a car's suspension system is not immune...
Damped Oscillations01:07

Damped Oscillations

In the real world, oscillations seldom follow true simple harmonic motion. A system that continues its motion indefinitely without losing its amplitude is termed undamped. However, friction of some sort usually dampens the motion, so it fades away or needs more force to continue. For example, a guitar string stops oscillating a few seconds after being plucked. Similarly, one must continually push a swing to keep a child swinging on a playground.
Although friction and other non-conservative...
Standing Waves in a Cavity01:28

Standing Waves in a Cavity

A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:
Types of Damping01:20

Types of Damping

If the amount of damping in a system is gradually increased, the period and frequency start to become affected because damping opposes, and hence slows, the back and forth motion (the net force is smaller in both directions). If there is a very large amount of damping, the system does not even oscillate; instead, it slowly moves toward equilibrium. In brief, an overdamped system moves slowly towards equilibrium, whereas an underdamped system moves quickly to equilibrium but will oscillate about...
Forced Oscillations01:06

Forced Oscillations

When an oscillator is forced with a periodic driving force, the motion may seem chaotic. The motions of such oscillators are known as transients. After the transients die out, the oscillator reaches a steady state, where the motion is periodic, and the displacement is determined.

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Fabrication and Characterization of High-Q Silicon Nitride Membrane Resonators
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Phonon-tunnelling dissipation in mechanical resonators.

Garrett D Cole1, Ignacio Wilson-Rae, Katharina Werbach

  • 1Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology (VCQ), Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Vienna A-1090, Austria. garrett.cole@univie.ac.at

Nature Communications
|March 17, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new numerical solver to predict damping in microscale and nanoscale mechanical resonators. The approach accurately models support-induced losses, advancing the prediction of mechanical quality factors.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Microscale and nanoscale mechanical resonators are vital for mobile communications and inertial sensors.
  • Mechanical damping significantly limits the performance of these resonators.
  • Understanding and controlling support-induced losses is crucial for improving resonator quality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an efficient numerical solver for predicting damping in mechanical resonators.
  • To investigate and control support-induced losses in generic mechanical resonators.
  • To experimentally validate a theoretical approach for predicting damping.

Main Methods:

  • Development of an efficient numerical solver based on the 'phonon-tunnelling' approach.
  • Device engineering to isolate and study support-induced losses.
  • Experimental testing of the geometric dependence of support-induced damping.

Main Results:

  • The 'phonon-tunnelling' solver accurately predicts design-limited damping.
  • Experimental results show excellent agreement with the theoretical predictions.
  • The study demonstrates strong geometric dependence of support-induced losses.

Conclusions:

  • The 'phonon-tunnelling' solver is a significant advancement for predicting mechanical resonator damping.
  • This approach aids in controlling support-induced losses.
  • Accurate prediction of the mechanical quality factor is now more attainable.