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Related Concept Videos

Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management

Aortic regurgitation (AR) is when the aortic valve does not close or seal properly, leading to backward blood circulation from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole. Common causes of AR include rheumatic heart disease, congenital valve defects, and aortic root dilation. Managing AR requires a multifaceted approach to alleviate symptoms, preserve left ventricular function, and address the underlying cause of the regurgitation. Patients with symptomatic AR or significant left...
Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction01:15

Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction

IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management01:26

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management

Mitral stenosis, a condition marked by the narrowing of the mitral valve, necessitates an integrated approach for effective management. This approach includes preventative measures, medical therapy, and surgical interventions to reduce symptoms and prevent complications.PreventionPrevention of mitral stenosis primarily focuses on reducing the incidence of bacterial infections, particularly streptococcal infections, which can lead to rheumatic fever and subsequent valvular damage. Timely...
Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Standardized Technique of Aortic Valve Re-implantation for Valve-sparing Aortic Root Replacement
14:14

Standardized Technique of Aortic Valve Re-implantation for Valve-sparing Aortic Root Replacement

Published on: December 11, 2017

Contemporary results for isolated aortic valve surgery.

M Gaudino1, A Anselmi, F Glieca

  • 1Division of Cardiac Surgery, Catholic University, Rome, Italy. mgaudino@tiscali.it

The Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeon
|March 17, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Surgical aortic valve replacement is effective, even for high-risk patients, with low mortality and excellent outcomes. Comprehensive surgical consultation minimizes surgery refusal rates, establishing a benchmark for future techniques.

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Full-root Aortic Valve Replacement by Stentless Aortic Xenografts in Patients with Small Aortic Roots
12:17

Full-root Aortic Valve Replacement by Stentless Aortic Xenografts in Patients with Small Aortic Roots

Published on: May 21, 2017

Technique and Patient Selection Criteria of Right Anterior Mini-Thoracotomy for Minimal Access Aortic Valve Replacement
08:50

Technique and Patient Selection Criteria of Right Anterior Mini-Thoracotomy for Minimal Access Aortic Valve Replacement

Published on: March 26, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Standardized Technique of Aortic Valve Re-implantation for Valve-sparing Aortic Root Replacement
14:14

Standardized Technique of Aortic Valve Re-implantation for Valve-sparing Aortic Root Replacement

Published on: December 11, 2017

Full-root Aortic Valve Replacement by Stentless Aortic Xenografts in Patients with Small Aortic Roots
12:17

Full-root Aortic Valve Replacement by Stentless Aortic Xenografts in Patients with Small Aortic Roots

Published on: May 21, 2017

Technique and Patient Selection Criteria of Right Anterior Mini-Thoracotomy for Minimal Access Aortic Valve Replacement
08:50

Technique and Patient Selection Criteria of Right Anterior Mini-Thoracotomy for Minimal Access Aortic Valve Replacement

Published on: March 26, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Thoracic Surgery
  • Cardiac Valve Surgery

Background:

  • The contemporary status of aortic valve replacement (AVR) requires an updated overview.
  • Aortic valve disease necessitates timely and effective treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of the contemporary status of aortic valve replacement.
  • To evaluate the outcomes of surgical AVR in various risk groups.

Main Methods:

  • Single-center prospective study initiated in January 2003.
  • All patients with aortic valve disease underwent cardiologist and surgeon evaluation for AVR eligibility.
  • Operations performed via median sternotomy with cardiopulmonary bypass and cardioplegic arrest.

Main Results:

  • 873 cases screened; 15 inoperable (1%), 99 high-risk (EuroSCORE ≥ 10), 759 moderate- to low-risk.
  • In-hospital mortality: 6.0% (high-risk) vs. 0.3% (moderate- to low-risk).
  • Excellent valve function (99.3%) and favorable long-term outcomes (89% NYHA 1-2 at follow-up).

Conclusions:

  • Surgical AVR offers excellent results and low operative mortality, even in high-risk patients.
  • Universal surgical consultation minimizes surgery refusal rates.
  • Study data serves as a benchmark for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) techniques.