In vitro and in vivo survival of mouse blastocysts after repeated vitrification with the open pulled straw (OPS)...

This study addresses the in vitro and in vivo survival of mouse embryos repeatedly vitrified by the OPS-technique of Vajta et al. (24). Of 225 vitrified blastocysts, after warming one third was cultured in vitro, the other two-thirds were re-vitrified. After these were warmed, the second third was put to culture. With the remaining third the procedure was repeated. Of embryos vitrified once, 97% developed to expanded blastocysts and 81% proceeded to hatching. Corresponding values for embryos re-vitrified once were 93% and 72%, respectively (P > 0.05). After another re-vitrification, expansion and hatching rates were reduced to 76% and 35%, respectively (P < 0.01). Of 10 recipients provided with 10 embryos each that had been vitrified once, 80% remained pregnant with 5.5 +/- 0.3 fetuses. Corresponding values for re-vitrified embryos were 80% and 5.0 +/- 0.3. Of all embryos transferred, 44% became vital fetuses after a single vitrification, compared to 40% after revitrification.