Neuro-developmental outcome and brain-derived neurotrophic factor level in relation to feeding practice in early

May Fouad Nassar1, Neveen Tawakol Younis, Soha Ezz El-Arab

  • 1Paediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. maie_nassar@yahoo.co.uk

Insights

Breastfed infants show higher cognitive scores and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels compared to formula-fed infants. Breastfeeding is a key factor influencing BDNF and cognitive development in early infancy.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pediatrics
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Breastfeeding is associated with cognitive benefits in infants.
  • Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a crucial role in neuronal development and function.
  • The specific impact of feeding patterns on infant BDNF levels and cognition requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between infant feeding patterns (breastfeeding, formula-feeding, mixed-feeding) and cognitive development.
  • To assess serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in relation to infant feeding methods.
  • To explore the correlation between BDNF levels, cognitive assessment scores, and feeding practices.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 42 infants (4-6 months old) was divided into three feeding groups: breastfed, formula-fed, and mixed-feeding.
  • Cognitive development was assessed using the Bayley Scale of Infant Development-Second Edition (BSID-II).
  • Serum BDNF levels were quantified using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique.

Main Results:

  • Breastfed infants exhibited higher BSID-II scores compared to formula-fed infants, particularly in the Total Behavior Rating Scale (TBRS) and Motor Quality Percentile Rank.
  • Significantly elevated serum BDNF levels were observed in breastfed infants compared to formula-fed infants.
  • BDNF levels showed a positive correlation with TBRS scores and a negative correlation with weight-for-age and weight-for-length indices.

Conclusions:

  • Breastfeeding is a significant determinant of higher BDNF levels and enhanced cognitive outcomes in infants.
  • Elevated BDNF levels in breastfed infants may contribute to their superior cognitive performance.
  • These findings highlight the potential role of BDNF as a biomarker for cognitive development influenced by breastfeeding.