Major histocompatibility complex class-I-interacting natural killer cell receptors of nonhuman primates

Human natural killer (NK) cell receptors are known to be highly polymorphic, to show complex genetics and to be associated with susceptibility to a variety of immunological diseases. Nonhuman primates are used as important models of these diseases, yet the knowledge of nonhuman primate NK cell receptors and ligands is not as advanced as in humans. Recently published data indicated that diversity and polymorphism of NK cell receptors are similar between nonhuman primates and humans. Comparative genomics revealed instructive insights into the evolution and function of primate NK cell receptor genes and contributed to the understanding of how present-day NK cell receptors and their ligands have evolved. Here, I review the current knowledge of nonhuman primate NK cell receptors that interact with major histocompatibility complex class I proteins.