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Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Design and Development of Aptamer–Gold Nanoparticle Based Colorimetric Assays for In-the-field Applications
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Design and Development of Aptamer–Gold Nanoparticle Based Colorimetric Assays for In-the-field Applications

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Development of smart nanoparticle-aptamer sensing technology.

Haiyan Zhang1, Peter G Stockley, Dejian Zhou

  • 1School of Chemistry and the Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.

Faraday Discussions
|March 18, 2011
PubMed
Summary

This study developed compact, stable quantum dot (QD)-DNA sensors for sensitive detection of DNA and proteins. These novel nanoparticle sensors overcome previous limitations, enabling efficient Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) even at low target concentrations.

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Published on: March 21, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Biotechnology
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Quantum dots (QDs) are effective donors in Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) sensors due to their optical properties.
  • Challenges in preparing compact and stable QD conjugates limit FRET efficiency, especially at low target-to-QD ratios.
  • Existing QD-FRET sensors often require high target:QD ratios, making them inefficient for certain applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop stable, compact, and water-soluble QD-DNA based nanoparticle sensors.
  • To enable sensitive detection of both labeled and label-free DNA and proteins.
  • To overcome FRET efficiency limitations in QD-based sensors at low target concentrations.

Main Methods:

  • Preparation of QD-DNA sensors using two strategies: QD-thiolated DNA self-assembly and covalent coupling.
  • Utilized 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) and dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA) capped QDs for DNA conjugation.
  • Incorporated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) linkers or dendritic ligands to mitigate non-specific adsorption.

Main Results:

  • Achieved high FRET efficiency (~80%) at a 1:1 DNA:QD ratio using thiolated DNA self-assembly on MPA-capped QDs.
  • Demonstrated successful hybridization and FRET for labeled DNA probe quantification with DHLA-capped QDs.
  • Developed QD-DNA aptamer sensors capable of detecting 10 nM unlabeled thrombin protein.
  • Engineered sensors detected 1 nM unlabeled or 35 pM labeled DNA probes via QD-sensitized dye FRET.

Conclusions:

  • Stable, compact QD-DNA sensors were successfully prepared, overcoming previous limitations in FRET efficiency.
  • The developed sensors offer sensitive detection of DNA and proteins, applicable in both labeled and label-free formats.
  • This versatile QD-DNA platform holds potential for biosensing, disease diagnosis, and therapeutic applications.