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[Multiple organ failure in a severely malnourished patient with chromosome aberration]

Roman Kaźmirczuk1, Marlena Jakubczyk, Sylwia Kołtan

  • 1Oddział Kliniczny Anestezjologii i Intensywnej Terapii dla Dzieci Collegium Medium UMK w Bydgoszczy. kikanest@cm.umk.pl

Anestezjologia Intensywna Terapia
|March 19, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Severe malnutrition in a disabled child led to multiple organ failure, highlighting the critical need for intensive care and specialized treatment for such complex pediatric cases.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric critical care
  • Nutritional deficiencies
  • Genetics and chromosomal abnormalities

Background:

  • Pneumonia and malnutrition are leading causes of childhood mortality globally.
  • These conditions, though prevalent in developing nations, also affect children in developed countries due to neglect.
  • Severe malnutrition can precipitate multiple organ failure, even in non-developing settings.

Observation:

  • A 16-year-old female with a +14q chromosome aberration presented with severe anemia and dyspnea.
  • She exhibited extreme malnutrition (BMI 13.9), requiring intensive medical intervention.
  • Complications included transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) and multiple organ failure.

Findings:

  • The patient experienced prolonged dysfunction of homeostasis, hypoproteinemia, hypophosphatemia, and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS).
  • Treatment involved mechanical ventilation, inotropic support, and parenteral nutrition, complicated by refeeding syndrome and gastrointestinal hemorrhage.
  • Surgical interventions, including gastrostomy and adhesiolysis, were necessary for recovery.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the severe consequences of prolonged malnutrition, particularly in intellectually disabled children.
  • Management of such complex cases requires meticulous care in intensive care unit (ICU) settings.
  • Highlights the challenges in treating malnutrition-induced organ failure and associated metabolic disturbances.
Abstract

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