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Obstructive sleep apnea in children with epilepsy: prospective pilot trial

S V Jain1, S Simakajornboon, S M Shapiro

  • 1Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH 45229, USA. Sejal.Jain@cchmc.org

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica
|March 19, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is more common in children with severe epilepsy and those on multiple antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Screening children with epilepsy for OSA is important.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Epileptology

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common in adults with epilepsy, particularly refractory cases.
  • Limited data exist on OSA prevalence in children with epilepsy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of OSA in children with epilepsy.
  • To investigate the association between OSA and antiepileptic drug (AED) use and epilepsy types in pediatric patients.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective pilot study utilized the Michigan Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) in children with epilepsy.
  • Patients were categorized by seizure frequency into mild (0-1 seizure/month) or severe, refractory epilepsy (>1 seizure/month).
  • A PSQ score of ≥ 0.33 was used to identify the risk of OSA.

Main Results:

  • Of 84 children, 52 had mild and 32 had severe epilepsy.
  • OSA prevalence was significantly higher in the severe epilepsy group (43.8%) compared to the mild group (30.7%).
  • Children using more than one AED showed a higher OSA prevalence (45.8%) than those on one or fewer AEDs (30.6%).
  • No significant correlation was found between OSA prevalence and specific seizure types.

Conclusions:

  • OSA is more prevalent in children with refractory epilepsy and those on multiple AEDs.
  • Further research is necessary to confirm these findings and evaluate the impact of OSA.
  • Routine screening for OSA in children with epilepsy is recommended.
Abstract

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