Pharmacological modulation of cell death in atherosclerosis: a promising approach towards plaque stabilization?

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Research
• Cell Biology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Atherosclerosis remains a leading cause of death and disability globally.
• Vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques are a major concern, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies.
• Cell death significantly contributes to plaque destabilization and adverse cardiovascular events.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review emerging compounds targeting cell death pathways in atherosclerosis.
• To explore therapeutic strategies involving both inhibition and stimulation of cell death.
• To provide insights into preventing acute coronary syndromes and sudden cardiac death.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of preclinical studies on compounds affecting apoptosis and autophagy in atherosclerosis.
• Analysis of therapeutic approaches targeting cell death mechanisms.
• Synthesis of current research on systemic and focal therapies.

Main Results:

• Numerous compounds targeting apoptotic and autophagic machinery are under preclinical investigation.
• Both inhibition and stimulation of cell death show potential in preclinical models.
• Therapeutic interventions aim to shift plaque phenotype towards stability.

Conclusions:

• Targeting cell death pathways represents a promising therapeutic avenue for atherosclerosis.
• Further research is needed to translate preclinical findings into clinical applications.
• Modulating cell death could significantly reduce the burden of cardiovascular disease.