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Development of a Bio-Hybrid Mosquito Stinger-Based Atomic Force Microscopy Probe

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Bites (Mammalian).

David Looke¹, Claire Dendle

¹Department of Medicine, University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.

BMJ Clinical Evidence

|March 23, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This systematic review examines interventions for mammalian bites, finding evidence for antibiotic prophylaxis, wound care, and tetanus vaccination to prevent complications and treat infections from dog, cat, and human bites.

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Area of Science:

Medical Research
Public Health
Infectious Diseases

Background:

Mammalian bites, primarily from dogs, cats, and humans, are common, especially in children.
Facial injuries are frequent in pediatric animal bites; human bites often result from altercations or abuse.
Infections, frequently a mix of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, complicate up to 50% of human bites.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically review interventions for preventing complications of mammalian bites.
To evaluate treatments for infected mammalian bites.

Main Methods:

A systematic review of literature up to October 2009 was conducted.
Searches included Medline, Embase, and The Cochrane Library.
Harms alerts from regulatory agencies were also incorporated.

Main Results:

Five systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), or observational studies met inclusion criteria.
The GRADE system was used to evaluate the quality of evidence for interventions.

Conclusions:

The review synthesizes evidence on antibiotic prophylaxis for human and non-human bites.
Effectiveness and safety data for antibiotics, debridement, decontamination, irrigation, primary wound closure, and tetanus vaccination are presented.