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Related Concept Videos

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed I01:22

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed I

Rate-programmed drug delivery systems (DDS) are designed to release drugs at specific, controlled rates to maintain consistent therapeutic levels. These systems are categorized based on their release mechanisms, including dissolution-controlled DDS, diffusion-controlled DDS, and combined dissolution-diffusion-controlled DDS.In dissolution-controlled DDS, the release rate depends on the slow dissolution of the drug itself or the surrounding matrix. Drugs with inherently slow dissolution rates,...
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II01:19

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II

Rate-programmed drug delivery systems release drugs in a controlled manner to maintain therapeutic levels. Three main designs include reservoir, matrix, and hybrid systems.Reservoir systems consist of a drug core enclosed within a membrane that controls drug release. In non-swelling reservoir systems, polymers like ethyl cellulose or polymethacrylates are used. These do not hydrate in aqueous media and control release through membrane thickness, porosity, or insolubility. This type includes...
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Stimuli-Activated01:30

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Stimuli-Activated

Stimuli-activated drug delivery systems are designed to release drugs in response to specific physical, chemical, or biological stimuli. These systems often utilize hydrogels—three-dimensional, hydrophilic polymer networks capable of swelling in aqueous environments and retaining significant fluid volumes. Upon exposure to particular stimuli, these hydrogels undergo structural transitions that allow the embedded drug to be released. Due to this adaptive behavior, such systems are also called...
Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Delayed-Release Systems01:11

Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Delayed-Release Systems

Delayed-release drug delivery systems are specialized pharmaceutical formulations designed to postpone the release of active compounds until the drug reaches a specific region of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, typically the intestine. These systems are essential for drugs that may cause gastric irritation, are unstable in acidic environments, or need to exert therapeutic effects locally in the intestinal or colonic regions.The core feature of delayed-release systems is the use of enteric...
Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems01:18

Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems

Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) enable the controlled release of drugs across the skin into systemic circulation. They are particularly advantageous for drugs with short half-lives or narrow therapeutic indices, as they maintain consistent plasma concentrations and reduce the risk of subtherapeutic or toxic levels.TDDS are categorized into monolithic, reservoir, and mixed systems. Monolithic systems embed the drug in a polymer matrix, where diffusion governs release. Reservoir systems...
In Vitro Drug Dissolution: Alternative Methods01:17

In Vitro Drug Dissolution: Alternative Methods

Alternative drug dissolution methods include the rotating bottle, intrinsic dissolution test, peristalsis, and the Franz diffusion cell method. The rotating bottle method involves meticulously rotating tightly capped controlled-release beads in a temperature-controlled bath. Periodic decanting of samples allows for residue assay, followed by refilling with fresh medium and testing at various pH levels to emulate the gastrointestinal tract conditions.In contrast, the intrinsic dissolution test...

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Alternating Magnetic Field-Responsive Hybrid Gelatin Microgels for Controlled Drug Release
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Alternating Magnetic Field-Responsive Hybrid Gelatin Microgels for Controlled Drug Release

Published on: February 13, 2016

Gelatin-based emulsion gels for diffusion-controlled release applications.

Goutam Thakur1, Muhammad Ali Naqvi, Dérick Rousseau

  • 1School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology-Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India.

Journal of Biomaterials Science. Polymer Edition
|March 23, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Novel food-grade emulsion gels offer controlled release of hydrophobic drugs. Adjusting the oil-to-gelatin ratio modifies drug release kinetics and material properties for advanced biomaterials.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Drug Delivery Systems
  • Hydrogel Engineering

Background:

  • Emulsion gels are a promising class of biomaterials for controlled-release applications.
  • Food-grade emulsion gels offer potential for safe and effective drug delivery.
  • Genipin-cross-linked gelatin hydrogels provide a versatile matrix for encapsulating active compounds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the physical and drug-release properties of novel food-grade emulsion gels.
  • To investigate the impact of varying aqueous and oil phase ratios on emulsion gel characteristics.
  • To assess the role of genipin cross-linking in the stability and performance of these emulsion gels.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of emulsion gels with indomethacin-loaded vegetable oil droplets in genipin-cross-linked gelatin.
  • Systematic variation of the weight ratio of aqueous and oil phases (5:1 to 5:5).
  • Characterization of physical properties (e.g., puncture strength, swelling) and drug release kinetics.

Main Results:

  • Increased oil fraction led to larger, more polydispersed, and aggregated oil droplets.
  • Genipin cross-linking significantly enhanced gel puncture strength and prevented breakdown.
  • Swelling followed Fickian behavior, while indomethacin release exhibited Fickian diffusion at high oil fractions and coupled Fickian/super-Case-II transport at lower oil fractions.

Conclusions:

  • Food-grade emulsion gels can be tailored for controlled release of hydrophobic compounds.
  • Compositional adjustments, specifically the oil:gelatin ratio, are key to modulating release kinetics.
  • Genipin cross-linking is essential for the structural integrity and functionality of these emulsion gel systems.