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The use of genomic information to optimize cancer chemotherapy

Federico Innocenti1, Nancy J Cox, M Eileen Dolan

  • 1Department of Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.

Seminars in Oncology
|March 23, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Pharmacogenomics research uses genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to understand how genes affect drug response in cancer. Cell-based models offer a practical approach to identify these genetic markers for improved patient care.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacogenomics
  • Genetics
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Drug response and toxicity are complex traits influenced by multiple genes.
  • Pharmacogenomics investigates the genetic basis of patient response to drugs, evolving from single genes to genome-wide approaches.
  • Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in oncology offer opportunities to assess heritable factors in drug response.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current status of genomic studies in oncology.
  • To discuss methods for discovering pharmacogenomic markers.
  • To explore the implications of these discoveries for patient care.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing preclinical cell-based models for pharmacogenomic marker identification.
  • Conducting clinical genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in oncology.
  • Analyzing heritable genomic factors associated with drug response.

Main Results:

  • Genome-wide studies provide comprehensive and unbiased assessment of heritable factors in drug response.
  • Cell-based models are valuable due to the difficulty and cost of human clinical studies.
  • Challenges exist in translating genomic discoveries into clinical practice.

Conclusions:

  • Pharmacogenomic discoveries hold significant potential for personalizing cancer treatment.
  • Cell-based models are crucial for overcoming limitations in human pharmacogenomic studies.
  • Translating genomic findings into patient care requires addressing existing challenges.

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