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Related Concept Videos

Larynx01:21

Larynx

The human larynx, often referred to as the voice box, is an intricate organ located in the neck. It serves as a pathway for air to enter the lungs during respiration and is an essential component of voice production.
Anatomy of the Larynx
The larynx consists of various components, including cartilage, muscles, and vocal cords. Its structure includes three large unpaired cartilages—the thyroid, cricoid, and epiglottis—and three smaller paired cartilages—the arytenoids, corniculates, and...
Pharynx01:20

Pharynx

The pharynx, a tubular structure framed by skeletal muscle and lined with mucous membrane, extends continuously from the nasal cavities. It is segmented into three major areas: the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx.
Nasopharynx
The nasopharynx, bordered by the conchae of the nasal cavity, serves exclusively as an air conduit. In its superior region, the pharyngeal tonsils or adenoids are located. These tonsils are clusters of lymphoid reticular tissue akin to a lymph node. The precise...
Hearing01:31

Hearing

When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract IV: Auscultation01:28

Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract IV: Auscultation

Auscultation is a crucial component of the physical assessment of the respiratory tract. It offers valuable insights into airflow through the bronchial tree and potential lung obstructions. This process involves careful listening to breath, voice, and adventitious sounds, which can reveal a wealth of information about a patient's respiratory health.
Breath Sounds
Breath sounds are categorized into vesicular, bronchovesicular, and bronchial.
Epistaxis01:30

Epistaxis

Epistaxis, or nosebleeds, occurs when small, swollen blood vessels in the nasal mucous membrane rupture. Typically, the anterior septum is the primary site of occurrence.
Etiology
Possible causes of this condition include high blood pressure, trauma, low humidity, upper respiratory tract infections, allergies, foreign bodies, nasal inhalation of corticosteroids or illicit drugs, excessive use of decongestant nasal sprays, facial or nasal surgery, anatomic malformation, tumors, or systemic...
Respiratory System Abnormal Finding II: Palpation and Auscultation01:31

Respiratory System Abnormal Finding II: Palpation and Auscultation

In assessing respiratory abnormalities, palpation and auscultation are critical tools for detecting and interpreting various pathophysiological changes. These techniques provide insight into underlying disorders by evaluating tactile sensations and sounds produced by the respiratory system.
Palpation Findings
During a respiratory assessment, palpation can reveal several vital abnormalities:

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[Progressive hoarseness].

T Bitter1, G F Volk, P Lehmann

  • 1Klinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenheilkunde, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Lessingstr. 2, 07740, Jena, Deutschland. Thomas.Bitter@med.uni-jena.de

HNO
|March 23, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A rare autoimmune condition caused vocal fold nodules, known as bamboo nodes. Diagnosis of Sjögren syndrome and subsequent treatment led to significant voice improvement.

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Rheumatology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Progressive hoarseness is a common symptom with various underlying causes.
  • Vocal fold nodules can significantly impact voice quality and daily life.
  • Autoimmune diseases can manifest with diverse and sometimes rare laryngeal findings.

Observation:

  • A 31-year-old female presented with a 6-month history of worsening hoarseness.
  • Laryngeal endoscopy revealed characteristic cream-yellow, transversal, submucosal nodular lesions on both vocal folds.
  • These lesions were identified as bamboo nodes, a rare finding.

Findings:

  • The bamboo nodes were strongly associated with an underlying autoimmune condition.
  • A previously undiagnosed case of Sjögren syndrome was identified in this patient.
  • Surgical excision, local steroid therapy, and voice training were employed for treatment.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of considering autoimmune diseases in patients with unexplained vocal fold lesions.
  • Early diagnosis and multidisciplinary management of Sjögren syndrome can improve laryngeal symptoms.
  • Successful treatment of bamboo nodes can lead to substantial voice recovery.