Real-time quantum dot tracking of single proteins

We describe a single quantum dot tracking method that can be used to monitor individual proteins in the membrane of living cells. Unlike conventional fluorescent dyes, quantum dots (fluorescent semiconductor nanocrystals) have high quantum yields, narrow emission wavelengths, and excellent photostability, making them ideal probes in single-molecule detection. This technique has been applied to study the dynamics of various membrane proteins including glycine receptors, nerve growth factors, kinesin motors, and γ-aminobutyric acid receptors. In this chapter, a basic introduction and experimental setup for single quantum dot labeling of a target protein is given. In addition, data acquisition and analysis of time-lapse single quantum dot imaging with sample protocols are provided.