Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Skeletal Muscle Disease
Published on: December 18, 2016
Two-dimensional linear-combination model fitting of magnetic resonance spectra to define the macromolecule baseline
Daniel G Q Chong1, Roland Kreis, Christine S Bolliger
1Department of Clinical Research, Unit for MR-Spectroscopy and Methodology, University Bern, Inselspital, P.O. Box 35, 3010, Bern, Switzerland.
Object:
To propose the determination of the macromolecular baseline (MMBL) in clinical 1H MR spectra based on T(1) and T(2) differentiation using 2D fitting in FiTAID, a general Fitting Tool for Arrays of Interrelated Datasets.
Materials And Methods:
Series of localized inversion-recovery (IR) and 2DJ separation spectra of the brain were recorded at 3T. The MMBL was determined by three 2D evaluation methods based on (1) IR spectra only, (2) 2DJ spectra only, (3) both IR and 2DJ spectra (2DJ-IR). Their performance was compared using synthetic spectra and based on variability and reproducibility as obtained in vivo from 12 subjects in 20 examinations.
Results:
All methods performed well for synthetic data. In vivo, 2DJ-only yielded larger variations than the other methods. IR-only and 2DJ-IR yielded similar performance. FiTAID is illustrated with further applications where linear-combination model fitting of interrelated arrays of spectra is advantageous.
Conclusion:
2D-Fitting offers the possibility to determine the MMBL based on a range of complementary experimental spectra not relying on smoothness criteria or global assumptions on T(1). Since 2DJ-IR includes information from spectra with different inversion and echo times, it is expected to be more robust in cases with more variable data quality and overlap with lipid resonances.
Related Concept Videos
Proteomics
Proteomics is the study of proteomes' function. It involves the large-scale systematic study of the proteome to denote the protein complement expressed by a genome. Scientist Mark Wilkins coined the term proteomics...
Two-Dimensional (2D) NMR: Overview
The first step is the preparation period, during which nucleus A is excited with a radiofrequency pulse.
2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques
COSY90 is the standard two-dimensional (2D) COSY experiment that...
¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals
As Δν decreases and the signals move closer, the doublets appear increasingly distorted. The intensities of the inner lines increase at the cost of those of the outer lines as the signals are slanted or...
2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques
NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction
