Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism

Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are not...

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Screening for Postprandial Hypotension: The Importance of Home Blood Pressure Monitoring.

American journal of hypertension·2026

Same author

Importance of Arm Position and Cuff Width.

JAMA internal medicine·2025

Same author

Frailty Markers and Falls Among US Clergy.

Journal of religion and health·2025

Same author

A comparison of visual and molecular methods for inferring biological communities in aquaculture enriched sediments - Impact assessment and cost-benefit analysis.

Marine pollution bulletin·2024

Same author

Associations between Brain Alpha-Tocopherol Stereoisomer Profile and Hallmarks of Brain Aging in Centenarians.

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)·2024

Same author

Person-Centred Care: A Support Strategy for Managing Non-Communicable Diseases.

Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)·2024

Search research articles

Related Experiment Videos

Normative data for elderly adults: the Maine-Syracuse study.

Merrill F Elias¹, Gregory A Dore, Amanda L Goodell

¹Department of Psychology, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA. MFEliasUmaine@AOL.com

Experimental Aging Research

|March 23, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Cognitive performance in older adults is influenced by education and cardiovascular health. Younger, more educated individuals generally performed better on cognitive tests.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

Gerontology
Neuropsychology
Cognitive Science

Background:

Normative data on cognitive aging is crucial for identifying cognitive impairment.
Community-based longitudinal studies provide valuable insights into cognitive changes over time.
The Maine-Syracuse Longitudinal Study (MSLS) offers a unique dataset for aging and cognition research.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide supplementary normative data on cognitive aging in a dementia- and stroke-free sample.
To examine the influence of education, age, and cardiovascular health on cognitive performance.
To assess the utility of cognitive tests in detecting impairment in healthy older adults.

Main Methods:

Cross-sectional analysis of data from waves 6-7 (2001-2009) of the MSLS.
Utilized a battery of 23 widely used clinical cognitive tests.
Sample included 383 participants (228 women, 155 men) aged 70-89, with preliminary data for those 90-98 years old.

Main Results:

Higher education and younger age were associated with better cognitive test performance.
Cardiovascular disease/health variables significantly improved prediction models for some cognitive outcomes.
Age cohort membership was not consistently associated with cognitive outcomes.

Conclusions:

Education and cardiovascular health are significant factors in cognitive performance among older adults.
Cognitive test performance varies with age and education level.
Findings contribute to understanding cognitive reserve and identifying cognitive impairment in aging populations.