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Phasors

Phasors

Phasors are a powerful mathematical tool used to analyze alternating current (AC) circuits. They provide a complex number representation of sinusoids, with the magnitude of the phasor equating to the amplitude of the sinusoid and the angle of the phasor representing the phase measured from the positive x-axis.
One of the significant benefits of using phasors is that they simplify the analysis of AC circuits by eliminating the time dependence of the current and voltage. This transformation...

Kirchoff's Laws using Phasors

Kirchoff's Laws using Phasors

Analyzing AC circuits in electrical systems is a fundamental aspect of electrical engineering. In these circuits, AC power is supplied from a distribution panel and wired to various household appliances in parallel. To perform a comprehensive analysis, electrical engineers use Kirchhoff's voltage and current laws, which are equally applicable in AC circuits as in DC circuits.
Kirchhoff's voltage law (KVL) states that the sum of phasor voltages around a closed loop in an AC circuit equals zero.

Dark Triad and Person Perception

Dark Triad and Person Perception

Person perception is influenced by both external behaviors and the observer’s internal characteristics, including personality traits. Individuals with dark personality traits, comprising psychopathy, Machiavellianism, and narcissism — collectively known as the dark triad – exhibit manipulative and exploitative tendencies in social contexts. These traits affect how they perceive others and how they are perceived.The Role of Dark Personality Traits in Person PerceptionBlack et al. (2014) explored...

Phasor Relationships for Circuit Elements

Phasor Relationships for Circuit Elements

Phasor representation is a powerful tool used to transform the voltage-current relationship for resistors, inductors, and capacitors from the time domain to the frequency domain. This transformation simplifies the analysis of alternating current (AC) circuits.
In the time domain, Ohm's law provides a fundamental relation between the current flowing through a resistor and the voltage across it:

Electric Flux

Electric Flux

The concept of flux describes how much of something goes through a given area. More formally, it is the dot product of a vector field within an area. For a better understanding, consider an open rectangular surface with a small area that is placed in a uniform electric field. The larger the area, the more field lines go through it and, hence, the greater the flux; similarly, the stronger the electric field (represented by a greater density of lines), the greater the flux. On the other hand, if...

Magical Thinking

Magical Thinking

Magical thinking encompasses the belief in assumptions that defy logical reasoning yet appear intuitively convincing. It is a common psychological phenomenon that persists across various cultural and individual contexts. While these assumptions contradict empirical evidence and scientific laws, they often serve meaningful psychological roles in promoting emotional resilience and a sense of control, especially under stress or uncertainty.Thought-Action Fusion and the Law of SimilarityA key...

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Phantom arcs: now you see them...

¹Department of Psychology, Trent University, Oshawa Civic Campus, Oshawa, Ontario, Canada. benbauer@trentu.ca

|March 24, 2011

Summary

A novel visual illusion called phantom arcs has been discovered. This illusion is robust, appearing across various display types and image manipulations, and is perceivable by untrained individuals.

Area of Science:

Visual perception
Psychophysics
Optical illusions

Background:

The study of visual illusions provides insights into the human visual system's processing.
Understanding how visual stimuli are interpreted is crucial for fields ranging from art to human-computer interaction.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce and describe a novel visual illusion, termed 'phantom arcs'.
To investigate the robustness of the 'phantom arcs' illusion under varying conditions.

Main Methods:

Qualitative description and illustration of the 'phantom arcs' visual illusion.
Testing the illusion's persistence across changes in contrast, scale, and hue.
Assessing the visibility of the illusion on different display technologies (CRT, LCD) and print media.

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Gathering observational data from undergraduate students in a perception class.

Main Results:

The 'phantom arcs' illusion is consistently observed and is robust to modifications in contrast, scale, and hue.
The illusion is perceivable regardless of whether it is viewed in printed form or on digital displays (CRT, LCD).
Untrained observers, including undergraduate students, can perceive the 'phantom arcs' illusion.

Conclusions:

The 'phantom arcs' illusion represents a new phenomenon in visual perception.
Its robustness suggests fundamental properties of visual processing are involved.
The widespread perceivability indicates its potential relevance for understanding general visual mechanisms.