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Updated: Jun 3, 2026

A Microwave-Assisted Direct Heteroarylation of Ketones Using Transition Metal Catalysis

A Microwave-Assisted Direct Heteroarylation of Ketones Using Transition Metal Catalysis

Published on: February 16, 2020

Titanium-catalyzed esterification and transesterification reactions facilitated using microwave heating.

William G Devine¹, Nicholas E Leadbeater, Linda A Jacob

¹Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06269-3060, USA.

Future Medicinal Chemistry

|March 24, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new titanium-catalyzed method enables rapid ester synthesis using microwave heating. This approach efficiently produces various esters, even with acid-sensitive compounds, offering a valuable laboratory alternative.

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Area of Science:

Organic Chemistry
Catalysis
Green Chemistry

Background:

Esters exhibit biological activity and are used to enhance drug delivery.
Traditional acid-catalyzed esterification faces limitations with acid-sensitive substrates and side reactions.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop an alternative esterification and transesterification method.
To provide a milder and more efficient synthesis route for esters.

Main Methods:

Titanium-catalyzed esterification and transesterification.
Utilized microwave heating for accelerated reactions.

Main Results:

Reactions completed within 1 hour at 160 °C.
Successfully synthesized esters from aromatic, aliphatic, and heteroaromatic acids.
Accommodated acid-sensitive alcohols, such as furfuryl alcohol.

Conclusions:

A versatile methodology for ester preparation using titanium catalysis and microwave heating.
Efficiently produces a range of esters, including those from sensitive precursors.