Curcumin could prevent methemoglobinemia induced by dapsone in rats

The curcumin's effect given orally by gavage in single- or multiple-dose regimens on methemoglobinemia induced by dapsone (DDS) was investigated in male Wistar rats. In the single-dose regimen, groups of 10 rats received either vehicle alone, or curcumin at 0.1, 1.0, 10, or 30 mg/kg body weight (bw), or curcumin at 0.02, 0.1, 1, 10, or 30 mg/kg bw plus DDS at 40 mg/kg bw, intraperitoneally (i.p.), 2 hours after. In the multiple-dose regimen, groups of 10 rats received either vehicle alone, or curcumin at 0.1, 1.0, 10, or 30 mg/kg bw for 5 days, with or without DDS (40 mg/kg bw, i.p.) 2 hours after on the fifth day. In both regimens, further groups of 10 rats were given DDS alone (positive controls) or normal saline (negative controls) i.p. Single-dose treatment with curcumin at 0.02 and 0.1 mg/kg bw significantly reduced DDS-induced methemoglobin formation, while the higher doses showed a pro-oxidant effect, significantly increasing DDS-induced methemoglobinemia. In the multiple-dose regimen, treatment with curcumin at 0.1 mg/kg bw significantly reduced DDS-induced methemoglobin formation, but the higher doses were without significant effect compared to DDS alone. It is concluded that curcumin at low doses mitigates methemoglobinemia induced by dapsone in rats, both in single- and multiple-dose regimens.