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Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach
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Published on: February 14, 2014

[Ageing and arithmetic performance--electrophysiological complexity-, and graph theoretical characteristics].

Márk Molnár1, Roland Boha, Máté Benyovszky

  • 1MTA, Pszichológiai Kutatóintézet, Budapest. molnar@cogpsyphy.hu

Ideggyogyaszati Szemle
|March 25, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Cognitive decline in aging affects attention and memory. Elderly individuals show altered brain network patterns during arithmetic tasks, indicating increased effort despite lower performance, suggesting potential for dementia research.

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An Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effects of Ageing on Sentence Processing
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An Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effects of Ageing on Sentence Processing

Published on: October 25, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Complexity Science

Context:

  • Aging is associated with cognitive decline, impacting attention and working memory crucial for arithmetic.
  • Investigating neuronal mechanisms requires methods that capture nervous system complexity, nonlinear processes, and network properties.
  • Small-world network characteristics are optimal for information processing and are increasingly recognized in brain function.

Purpose:

  • To analyze spectral, complexity, and network characteristics of electroencephalogram (EEG) during an arithmetic task in young and elderly adults.
  • To compare behavioral measures (performance, reaction time) and heart rate changes between age groups.
  • To explore the utility of complexity and graph theoretical analysis in understanding age-related cognitive changes and neurological diseases.

Summary:

  • Elderly participants showed increased delta band activity and Omega-complexity, suggesting reduced interneuronal connectivity.
  • Brain network topology in the elderly shifted towards a random pattern compared to young adults, but task engagement moved towards a small-world pattern, indicating higher effort.
  • Despite increased effort, elderly subjects exhibited lower performance and heart rate changes, highlighting age-related differences in cognitive processing and compensatory mechanisms.

Impact:

  • Complexity and graph theoretical analysis offer promising tools for investigating neurological diseases with diffuse pathology, such as dementias.
  • Findings provide insights into the neural underpinnings of age-related cognitive changes in attention and working memory.
  • Understanding altered brain network dynamics in aging can inform strategies for cognitive health maintenance and disease intervention.