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Related Concept Videos

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
Polymer Classification: Architecture01:14

Polymer Classification: Architecture

Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
Classification and Mechanical Properties of Synthetic Polymers01:28

Classification and Mechanical Properties of Synthetic Polymers

Synthetic polymers are classified as elastomers, fibers, or plastics based on their crystallinity. Crystallinity, the degree of long-range order in the solid state, influences the mechanical properties (stretching or contracting) of elastomers. Elastomers are flexible polymers that can expand or contract easily upon the application of an external force. They have numerous crosslinks that pull them back into their original shape when stress is removed. Silicones, for instance, are highly elastic...
Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity01:26

Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity

Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview

Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
Network Covalent Solids02:18

Network Covalent Solids

Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...

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Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
05:33

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Published on: August 12, 2013

Polymer-solid contacts described by soft, coarse-grained models.

Marcus Müller1, Birger Steinmüller, Kostas Ch Daoulas

  • 1Institut für Theoretische Physik, Georg-August-Universität, 37077 Göttingen, Germany. mmueller@theorie.physik.uni-goettingen.de

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP
|March 25, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Coarse-grained models for polymer melts show differences at solid interfaces. Adjusting bead-spring models can match continuous models, improving polymer-solid contact descriptions.

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer physics
  • Materials science
  • Computational modeling

Background:

  • Soft, coarse-grained models are used to simulate polymer melts.
  • Accurately describing the polymer-solid interface is crucial for understanding material properties.
  • The discreteness of polymer chain models can affect simulation accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the accuracy of coarse-grained models for polymer melts at solid interfaces.
  • To investigate the impact of bead-spring discreteness on interface properties.
  • To develop strategies for improving coarse-grained model predictions.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical self-consistent field calculations.
  • Monte-Carlo simulations.
  • Comparison between bead-spring and continuous Gaussian-thread models.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in interface tension and density profiles were observed when the interface width was comparable to the statistical segment length.
  • Strategies for compensating the discrete nature of bead-spring models were investigated.
  • Applying an external segment-solid potential adjusted interface tension and density profiles.

Conclusions:

  • The geometry and interface tension of polymer-solid contacts are key characteristics for coarse-grained models.
  • Coarse-grained models must accurately reproduce these characteristics for quantitative predictions.
  • Adjustments to bead-spring models can improve their agreement with continuous models.