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Why aren't there more maternal deaths? A decomposition analysis.

John A Ross1, Ann K Blanc

  • 1Futures Group, Washington, DC 20005, USA. rosshome8@frontiernet.net

Maternal and Child Health Journal
|March 25, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Global maternal deaths declined due to falling fertility rates and reduced maternal mortality ratios (MMR). Declining fertility alone averted millions of deaths, highlighting its crucial role in improving maternal health outcomes worldwide.

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Area of Science:

  • Global Health
  • Demography
  • Reproductive Health

Background:

  • High maternal mortality persists globally, particularly in developing regions.
  • Maternal deaths decreased between 1990 and 2008 despite a significant increase in the female population.
  • Understanding the determinants of this decline is crucial for public health initiatives.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To decompose the factors contributing to the decline in maternal deaths from 1990 to 2008.
  • To isolate the specific impacts of increased female population, decreased fertility rates, and reduced maternal mortality ratios.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized United Nations data for population, births, and fertility rates.
  • Incorporated maternal mortality ratio data from the UN and Hogan et al.
  • Employed decomposition analysis to quantify the effects of demographic and health-related changes.

Main Results:

  • A 42% increase in women aged 15-49 was offset by declining fertility rates, keeping the number of births constant.
  • Fertility decline alone is estimated to have averted approximately 1.7 million maternal deaths during the study period.
  • Significant reductions in the maternal mortality rate (MMR) further contributed to the overall decrease in maternal deaths.

Conclusions:

  • Historic fertility declines in developing nations have significantly offset the impact of increasing female populations on maternal death numbers.
  • Improvements in direct maternal health efforts have successfully reduced the maternal mortality ratio.
  • Family planning programs are vital complements to direct maternal care, reinforcing fertility declines and reducing maternal mortality.