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Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders
|March 25, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Children with combined subtype ADHD (ADHD-C) show greater cognitive deficits than the inattentive subtype (ADHD-I). Stimulant medication improved cognitive performance across ADHD subtypes, aiding executive function and associative tasks.

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Event Related Potentials (ERPs) and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
10:02

Event Related Potentials (ERPs) and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

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Using Brain Activation (nir-HEG/Q-EEG) and Execution Measures (CPTs) in a ADHD Assessment Protocol
13:09

Using Brain Activation (nir-HEG/Q-EEG) and Execution Measures (CPTs) in a ADHD Assessment Protocol

Published on: April 1, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) research often yields inconsistent findings on cognitive deficits across subtypes.
  • Many studies fail to differentiate between ADHD subtypes, potentially obscuring specific cognitive impairments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare cognitive performance between the combined subtype (ADHD-C) and inattentive subtype (ADHD-I) of ADHD, and a control group.
  • To investigate the impact of stimulant medication on cognitive functions in different ADHD subtypes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the cognitive task of negating valence to assess executive function and associative tasks.
  • Compared performance between ADHD-C (n=25), ADHD-I (n=25), and a control group (n=30).

Main Results:

  • Children with ADHD-C exhibited significant impairments in executive function-driven conscious responses and unconscious associative tasks compared to ADHD-I and controls.
  • Medical treatment with stimulants demonstrated a positive influence on cognitive performance, with varying effects across subgroups.

Conclusions:

  • ADHD subtypes exhibit distinct cognitive deficit profiles, particularly evident in the combined subtype.
  • Stimulant medication can ameliorate cognitive impairments in ADHD, suggesting potential therapeutic targets for specific subtypes.