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Related Concept Videos

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Stimuli-Activated01:30

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Stimuli-Activated

Stimuli-activated drug delivery systems are designed to release drugs in response to specific physical, chemical, or biological stimuli. These systems often utilize hydrogels—three-dimensional, hydrophilic polymer networks capable of swelling in aqueous environments and retaining significant fluid volumes. Upon exposure to particular stimuli, these hydrogels undergo structural transitions that allow the embedded drug to be released. Due to this adaptive behavior, such systems are also called...
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Classification01:23

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Classification

Modified-release drug delivery systems improve drug efficacy and minimize side effects by controlling the rate and location of drug release. These systems fall into three categories: rate-programmed, stimuli-activated, and site-targeted.Rate-programmed systems release drugs at a predetermined rate, maintaining consistent therapeutic levels and reducing fluctuations that could lead to toxicity or subtherapeutic effects. These systems use polymeric matrices, reservoir-based designs, or osmotic...
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II01:19

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II

Rate-programmed drug delivery systems release drugs in a controlled manner to maintain therapeutic levels. Three main designs include reservoir, matrix, and hybrid systems.Reservoir systems consist of a drug core enclosed within a membrane that controls drug release. In non-swelling reservoir systems, polymers like ethyl cellulose or polymethacrylates are used. These do not hydrate in aqueous media and control release through membrane thickness, porosity, or insolubility. This type includes...
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed I01:22

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed I

Rate-programmed drug delivery systems (DDS) are designed to release drugs at specific, controlled rates to maintain consistent therapeutic levels. These systems are categorized based on their release mechanisms, including dissolution-controlled DDS, diffusion-controlled DDS, and combined dissolution-diffusion-controlled DDS.In dissolution-controlled DDS, the release rate depends on the slow dissolution of the drug itself or the surrounding matrix. Drugs with inherently slow dissolution rates,...
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Site-Targeted01:24

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Site-Targeted

Site-targeted drug delivery systems enhance therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity and treatment costs. Unlike conventional methods, these systems ensure precise drug delivery, improving bioavailability and reducing side effects. Targeted drug delivery is classified into three levels. First-order targeting directs drugs to the capillary beds of specific organs or tissues. Second-order targets specific cell types, such as tumor cells, using receptor-mediated interactions.
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Drug Release Characteristics01:22

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Drug Release Characteristics

Drug release from modified-release dosage forms is designed to achieve specific therapeutic effects by controlling the rate and extent of drug release. The classification of these drug release systems is based on key pharmacokinetic assumptions: drug disposition follows first-order kinetics, drug release is the rate-limiting step in absorption, and the released drug is rapidly and completely absorbed.There are four major models of drug release patterns. The first model is the slow zero-order...

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Alternating Magnetic Field-Responsive Hybrid Gelatin Microgels for Controlled Drug Release
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Published on: February 13, 2016

Carbon-nanotube-based stimuli-responsive controlled-release system.

Xuecheng Chen1, Hongmin Chen, Carla Tripisciano

  • 1Institute of Chemical and Environment Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology ul. Pulaskiego 10, 70-322 Szczecin, Poland.

Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|March 25, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study demonstrates a novel carbon nanotube delivery system for controlled release. The system uses functionalized silica spheres to plug nanotubes, with release triggered by 1,4-dithiothreitol (DTT) or temperature.

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Functionalization of Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes with Thermo-reversible Block Copolymers and Characterization by Small-angle Neutron Scattering
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Published on: June 1, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Materials Science
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) offer unique properties for drug delivery.
  • Controlled release systems are crucial for targeted therapies.
  • Stimuli-responsive materials enhance drug delivery precision.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a stimuli-responsive controlled-release delivery system using functionalized carbon nanotubes.
  • To demonstrate the ability to control the release rate of encapsulated materials.
  • To explore potential applications in drug delivery and nanosensor technology.

Main Methods:

  • Functionalization of carbon nanotube ends with specific groups.
  • Attachment of functionalized silica spheres to cap the CNTs.
  • Encapsulation of fluorescein within the functionalized CNTs.
  • Stimuli-induced release using 1,4-dithiothreitol (DTT) and elevated temperatures.
  • Characterization using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), FTIR spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis.

Main Results:

  • Successful attachment of functional groups and silica spheres to CNT ends, effectively plugging them.
  • Demonstrated controlled release of encapsulated fluorescein from CNTs.
  • Release triggered by both DTT and temperature stimuli.
  • Tunable release rates achieved by varying DTT concentration or temperature.

Conclusions:

  • A functionalized carbon nanotube system capable of stimuli-responsive controlled release has been developed.
  • The system offers precise control over drug release kinetics.
  • This technology holds promise for advanced site-selective drug delivery and nanosensor applications.