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Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Quantitative PCR-based Assay to Measure Sonic Hedgehog Signaling in Cellular Model of Ciliogenesis
Published on: January 31, 2025
Immunohistochemical characterization of sonic hedgehog and its downstream signaling molecules during human penile
Bahig M Shehata1, James M Elmore, Yasmin Bootwala
1Department of Pathology and Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia 30322-1101, USA. bshehat@emory.edu
Abstract:
Hypospadias is a common congenital anomalies, yet its molecular basis remains unknown. Recent studies have linked perturbations in the Hedgehog signaling pathway to hypospadias. However, the expression of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) has not been reported during genital development. Immunohistochemical staining for Shh and its receptors was applied to 10 human fetal penises ranging from 12 to 29 weeks gestation. The intensity of Shh staining was greatest in the urethral epithelium at 14 weeks gestation, correlating with the time of urethral tubularization. Results suggest a role for Shh in human male genital development.
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