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Related Concept Videos

Hormonal Regulation of Blood Pressure01:17

Hormonal Regulation of Blood Pressure

Endocrinal or hormonal intervention in the cardiovascular system is predominantly exerted by the catecholamines - epinephrine and norepinephrine, as well as a slew of hormones that interact with renal function to modulate blood volume.
Epinephrine and Norepinephrine
The adrenal medulla releases epinephrine and norepinephrine, catecholamines that enhance and extend the sympathetic or "fight or flight" physiological response. These hormones escalate heart rate and the force of contraction while...
Alterations in Blood Pressure01:30

Alterations in Blood Pressure

Alterations in blood pressure, such as hypertension (high blood pressure) and hypotension (low blood pressure), significantly affect human health. Understanding these conditions' classifications, causes, and symptoms is essential for effective management and treatment.
Hypertension (High blood pressure)
Hypertension occurs when blood pressure readings consistently exceed the normal range. It is diagnosed when systolic blood pressure (the top number, indicating pressure while the heart beats)...
Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System01:18

Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is an intricate network of nerves that controls functions such as the regulation of heart rate, digestion, and blood pressure regulation. When this system malfunctions, it can lead to various disorders that affect multiple bodily functions. One common feature of many autonomic disorders is the involvement of smooth blood vessels, which play a crucial role in regulating blood flow throughout the body.
Raynaud's disease, also known as Raynaud's phenomenon, is a...
Measurement of Blood Pressure01:17

Measurement of Blood Pressure

Assessing blood pressure is a standard procedure executed in virtually all medical environments. The method utilized today was established over a hundred years ago by an innovative Russian doctor, Dr. Nikolai Korotkoff. The soft ticking noise, known as Korotkoff sounds, heard while taking blood pressure readings results from turbulent blood flow within the vessels. The apparatus required for this procedure includes a sphygmomanometer, a blood pressure cuff attached to a gauge, and a stethoscope.
Neural Regulation of Blood Pressure01:18

Neural Regulation of Blood Pressure

The neural regulation of blood pressure involves intricate interactions between the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and cardiovascular system, ensuring adequate perfusion of tissues. This regulation primarily occurs through baroreceptor and chemoreceptor reflexes, involving both short-term and long-term mechanisms.
Baroreceptor Reflex
Baroreceptors, located in the carotid sinuses and aortic arch, detect changes in blood pressure. When blood pressure rises, these stretch-sensitive receptors...
Chronopharmacokinetics: Circadian Rhythms and Influence on Drug Response01:15

Chronopharmacokinetics: Circadian Rhythms and Influence on Drug Response

Circadian rhythms are cyclic changes that are crucial in plasma drug concentrations. Various standard circadian parameters, including core body temperature, heart rate, and other cardiovascular factors, directly impact disease states and the therapeutic response to drug therapy.
The time of drug administration is an important factor to consider, as it can influence the toxic dose of a drug. For example, a study conducted by Prins et al. in 1997 examined the effects of the timing of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Tilt Testing with Combined Lower Body Negative Pressure: a "Gold Standard" for Measuring Orthostatic Tolerance
14:09

Tilt Testing with Combined Lower Body Negative Pressure: a "Gold Standard" for Measuring Orthostatic Tolerance

Published on: March 21, 2013

Hormonal and plasma volume changes after presyncope.

Helmut Hinghofer-Szalkay1, Helmut K Lackner, Andreas Rössler

  • 1Institute of Adaptive and Spaceflight Physiology, Graz, Austria. helmut.hinghofer@medunigraz.at

European Journal of Clinical Investigation
|March 26, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

During presyncope, key hormones like aldosterone and ACTH increase, while plasma volume decreases. Post-presyncope, hormone levels shift, indicating complex endocrine responses during recovery.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Tilt Testing with Combined Lower Body Negative Pressure: a "Gold Standard" for Measuring Orthostatic Tolerance
14:09

Tilt Testing with Combined Lower Body Negative Pressure: a "Gold Standard" for Measuring Orthostatic Tolerance

Published on: March 21, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Presyncope, a near-fainting state, triggers physiological responses.
  • Understanding hormonal changes during presyncope is crucial for cardiovascular health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate alterations in blood hormone levels during presyncope.
  • To determine if hormone pools increase or decrease following a presyncopal event.

Main Methods:

  • Twelve healthy males underwent head-up tilt and lower body negative pressure to induce presyncope.
  • Plasma volume and levels of plasma renin activity (PRA), aldosterone, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), adrenomedullin, and vasopressin (AVP) were measured.

Main Results:

  • Presyncope led to a 15.5% plasma volume reduction, with significant increases in aldosterone, ACTH, PRA, and AVP.
  • Post-presyncope, ACTH and aldosterone levels remained elevated, while PRA and AVP decreased but stayed above baseline. Plasma volume rapidly recovered.

Conclusions:

  • Hormonal changes during presyncope are hormone-specific endocrine activation patterns, not solely due to fluid shifts.
  • Aldosterone and ACTH continue to rise post-presyncope, while plasma volume, PRA, and AVP approach baseline levels.