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Related Experiment Videos

Hypersensitivity reactions to trimetrexate.

J L Grem1, S A King, M E Costanza

  • 1Investigational Drug Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD.

Investigational New Drugs
|May 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Hypersensitivity reactions, including severe hypotension and systemic effects like flushing and fever, are a newly identified side effect of trimetrexate. This antifolate drug, used in cancer and AIDS treatment, can cause immediate hypersensitivity in less than 2% of patients.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Trimetrexate is a nonclassical antifolate drug.
  • It is under investigation for cancer treatment and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in AIDS patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report the first observed hypersensitivity reactions to trimetrexate.
  • To characterize the nature and incidence of these adverse events.

Main Methods:

  • Observation of patient responses during Phase II cancer clinical trials.
  • Documentation of specific hypersensitivity symptoms and severity.

Main Results:

  • Two types of hypersensitivity reactions were reported.
  • One patient experienced immediate hypotension with loss of consciousness.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Four patients had immediate systemic effects including flushing, fever, pruritus, and bronchospasm.

    • Conclusions:

    • Immediate hypersensitivity is a newly recognized side effect of trimetrexate.
    • The incidence of these reactions is less than 2% of patients.
    • Clinical monitoring for hypersensitivity is recommended during trimetrexate therapy.