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Behavioral Assessment of Visual Function via Optomotor Response and Cognitive Function via Y-Maze in Diabetic Rats

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Vasomotion becomes less random as diabetes progresses in monkeys.

Xenia T Tigno¹, Barbara C Hansen, Salasa Nawang

¹Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA. xtigno@yahoo.com

Microcirculation (New York, N.Y. : 1994)

|March 26, 2011

Summary

As diabetes progresses in monkeys, vasomotion becomes less random, indicating a reduced capacity of the peripheral circulation to adapt. Insulin

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Area of Science:

Cardiovascular Physiology
Metabolic Disease Research
Autonomic Nervous System Function

Background:

Vasomotion changes may signal early autonomic dysfunction in diabetes.
Previous studies demonstrated that spectral properties of vasomotion can differentiate between normal, pre-diabetic, and type 2 diabetic nonhuman primates.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the time-dependent changes and complexity of vasomotion's spectral properties across three metabolic groups of monkeys.
To assess the impact of heat-induced vasodilation on the vasomotion power spectrum.
To compare the effects of exogenous insulin administration on vasomotion.

Main Methods:

Laser Doppler flowmetry was used to measure foot blood flow in normal (N), pre-diabetic (PreDM), and type 2 diabetic (T2DM) monkeys.
Measurements were taken at baseline (34°C) and under heat stimulation (44°C).
Lempel-Ziv complexity, prediction error, and covariance complexity were calculated to quantify randomness.

Main Results:

Measures of vasomotion randomness decreased with diabetes progression, signifying a loss of peripheral circulatory homeostatic capacity.
In T2DM animals, power spectral density shifted to lower frequencies (0-1.45 Hz), suggesting a move towards local flow regulation.
Heat stimulation increased spectral power across all groups; insulin's effects varied by metabolic group, with T2DM showing impaired responses.

Conclusions:

Diabetes progression leads to decreased vasomotion randomness and a diminished capacity for peripheral circulation to adapt.
In advanced diabetes, circulatory regulation appears to shift from central autonomic control towards local mechanisms.
Insulin resistance affects vasomotion regulation, with varying responses observed in different stages of diabetes.