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Bone response to orthodontic forces in diabetic Wistar rats
Mariano Enrique Villarino1, Marianela Lewicki, Angela Matilde Ubios
1Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Dentistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina. marianovillarino@yahoo.com
Summary
Type 1 diabetes impairs bone formation during orthodontic treatment. However, insulin therapy can restore bone response, suggesting metabolic control is key for diabetic patients undergoing orthodontics.
Area of Science:
- Orthodontics
- Endocrinology
- Bone Biology
Background:
- Type 1 diabetes is linked to reduced bone mineral density (BMD).
- Diabetic patients may require orthodontic treatment due to occlusal and jaw development issues.
- Understanding bone response to orthodontic forces in diabetes is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the bone response to orthodontic forces in insulin-treated and untreated diabetic rats.
- To compare bone changes in diabetic rats with and without insulin therapy under orthodontic force.
Main Methods:
- Wistar rats were divided into three groups: orthodontics only, diabetes with orthodontics, and diabetes with insulin and orthodontics.
- Orthodontic forces were applied at seven weeks of age.
- Maxillae were harvested for histological analysis 48 hours after force application.
Main Results:
- Diabetic rats showed decreased bone formation and increased erosive areas in the periodontal cortex compared to controls.
- Insulin treatment in diabetic rats undergoing orthodontic treatment led to a recovery of these bone parameters.
- No significant differences in interradicular bone volume were observed among the groups.
Conclusions:
- Diabetic individuals should normalize metabolic status before orthodontic treatment.
- Insulin-treated diabetic subjects exhibit bone responses to orthodontic forces comparable to healthy individuals.
