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Longitudinal measures of lung function in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Amy G Filbrun1, Antonia P Popova, Marisa J Linn

  • 1Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0212, USA. afilbrun@umich.edu

Pediatric Pulmonology
|March 26, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) show persistent airflow obstruction. However, those with better somatic growth experienced greater improvements in lung function over the first three years of life.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Pulmonology
  • Neonatology

Background:

  • Infants with a history of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) often exhibit persistent airflow obstruction and air trapping.
  • Understanding the longitudinal pulmonary function changes in these infants is crucial for their long-term health outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess longitudinal changes in pulmonary function in infants with a history of BPD over the first 3 years of life.
  • To investigate the relationship between pulmonary function changes and somatic growth in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal pulmonary function testing using spirometry and plethysmography in 18 infants with BPD history.
  • Measurements included forced expiratory volume in 0.5 seconds (FEV(0.5)), forced expiratory flow at 75% of vital capacity (FEF(75)), FEF(25-75), total lung capacity (TLC), and residual volume (RV)/TLC.
  • Somatic growth was assessed, and infants were categorized based on growth rate (g/day).

Main Results:

  • Infants demonstrated significant airflow obstruction (reduced FEV(0.5), FEF(75), FEF(25-75)) and mild restriction (elevated RV/TLC) at initial testing.
  • Pulmonary function generally remained stable, with a lack of significant catch-up growth.
  • Infants with above-average somatic growth showed significantly greater improvements in FVC, FEV(0.5), TLC, and RV/TLC compared to peers with average or below-average growth.

Conclusions:

  • Pulmonary function in infants and young children with BPD shows persistent airflow obstruction and modest restriction.
  • While lung function tends to stabilize, above-average somatic growth is associated with enhanced lung growth.
  • Further research into nutritional interventions for improving lung function in BPD survivors is warranted.

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