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Sleep apnoea in severe aortic stenosis.

Christian Prinz1, Thomas Bitter, Olaf Oldenburg

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Heart and Diabetes Centre North-Rhine Westphalia, Ruhr-University Bochum, Georgstrasse 11, Bad Oeynhausen D-32545, Germany. cchrprinz@aol.com

Postgraduate Medical Journal
|March 29, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Sleep apnoea is common in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS), affecting 71% of individuals studied. Central sleep apnoea severity correlates with pulmonary hypertension, indicating potential myocardial strain.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Limited data exists on sleep apnoea prevalence in severe aortic stenosis (AS).
  • Understanding this comorbidity is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the occurrence and severity of sleep apnoea in patients with severe AS.
  • To identify clinical factors associated with sleep apnoea in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Cardiorespiratory polygraphy was used to investigate 42 patients with severe AS and 25 controls.
  • Sleep apnoea was diagnosed using the apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI) ≥5/h.

Main Results:

  • Sleep apnoea was prevalent in 71% of severe AS patients (AHI=23/h), significantly higher than controls (AHI=12/h).
  • Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and central sleep apnoea (CSA) were equally common.
  • CSA severity correlated with pulmonary artery pressure (r=0.7) and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (r=0.7).

Conclusions:

  • Sleep apnoea is a frequent condition in severe AS.
  • The association between CSA severity and pulmonary hypertension suggests myocardial adaptation may be failing.