Spatially explicit ecological exposure models: a rationale for and path toward their increased acceptance and use

Area of Science:

• Environmental Science
• Ecological Risk Assessment
• Wildlife Toxicology

Background:

• Spatially explicit wildlife exposure models integrate chemical concentrations, habitat heterogeneity, and foraging behavior for realistic exposure estimates.
• These models enhance ecological risk assessments and remedial planning efficiency but are underused in baseline assessments.

Purpose of the Study:

• Evaluate current applications of spatially explicit models in ecological risk assessment.
• Identify barriers to the use of these models and propose solutions for increased adoption.
• Highlight the value and availability of spatial models for risk assessment practitioners.

Main Methods:

• Convened an expert workshop as part of an Environmental Security Technology Certification Program Project.
• Discussed current applications and potential improvements for spatially explicit wildlife exposure models.
• Identified impediments including lack of precedent, misperceptions, regulatory gaps, poor communication, and input uncertainties.

Main Results:

• Spatially explicit models are valuable tools for improving realism in ecological exposure assessments.
• Significant barriers hinder the widespread use of these models in baseline ecological risk assessments.
• Workshop participants identified key actions to increase model acceptance and utilization.

Conclusions:

• Greater accessibility, innovative model design, and enhanced communication are crucial for increased model use.
• Training opportunities for decision-makers and regulators are needed.
• Explicit consideration of these models during assessment planning and problem formulation will promote their acceptance.