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Related Experiment Video

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Testing for Metacognitive Responding Using an Odor-based Delayed Match-to-Sample Test in Rats

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Metacognition in prospective memory: are performance predictions accurate?

Katharina M Schnitzspahn¹, Melanie Zeintl, Theodor Jäger

¹Department of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany.

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology = Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale

|March 30, 2011

Summary

Metacognition impacts prospective memory performance. Predictions (judgments of learning) were accurate for delayed tasks but showed underconfidence, especially for the prospective component.

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Psychology
Neuroscience

Background:

Prospective memory is crucial for daily functioning.
Metacognition, or thinking about one's thinking, plays a role in memory accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate metacognition's role in event-based prospective memory.
To examine the relationship between predictions (judgments of learning) and actual performance.
To differentiate retrospective and prospective components of prospective memory tasks.

Main Methods:

Participants completed prospective memory tasks with immediate and delayed judgments of learning (JOLs).
JOLs were used to assess metacognitive accuracy.
Data were analyzed to differentiate retrospective and prospective memory components.

Main Results:

Metacognitive predictions (JOLs) were moderately accurate for delayed judgments but not immediate ones.
An underconfidence-with-practice effect was observed only for the retrospective component.
Significant underconfidence was found in the prospective component across participants.

Conclusions:

Metacognitive accuracy in prospective memory is dependent on the timing of judgments.
Underconfidence is a notable feature of the prospective component of memory.
Metacognitive factors are important for understanding prospective memory functioning.