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Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Platelet-Derived Extracellular Vesicle Functionalization of Ti Implants
Published on: August 5, 2021
The effect of calcium ion concentration on the bone response to oxidized titanium implants
Byung-Soo Kang1, Young-Taeg Sul1, Carina B Johansson1
1Department of Biomaterials/Handicap Research, Institute for Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SwedenInstitute for Clinical Dental Research, Korea University, Seoul, South KoreaDepartment of Clinical Medicine, School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Örebro, Örebro, SwedenDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South KoreaNational Center for Inter-University Research Facility, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
Aim:
To investigate the effect of calcium concentration on the bone tissue response to Ca-incorporated titanium implants.
Materials And Methods:
Two titanium surfaces containing 4.2% and 6.6% calcium were prepared using the micro-arc oxidation process. The implants were inserted in the tibia of nine New Zealand White rabbits. After 6 weeks of healing, the bone response to the implants was quantitatively compared by biomechanical and histomorphometrical measurements.
Results:
Ca 4.2% and Ca 6.6% containing implants revealed no distinctive differences in their qualitative surface chemistry; chemical bonding state of Ca in titanium oxide was mainly calcium titanates. No significant differences were observed between two implants in peak removal torque and shear strength comparisons (P>0.05). Histomorphometrical analyses presented no significant differences in bone-metal contact, bone area and newly formed bone measurements between two implants (P>0.05).
Conclusions:
From biomechanical and histomorphometrical measurements, the two calcium concentrations in this study did not differ significantly with respect to their influence on the bone tissue response. This similar bone response in rabbit tibiae may be explained by the similarity of the qualitative Ca chemistry in titanium surfaces.
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