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Related Concept Videos

Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction01:15

Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction

IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management

Aortic regurgitation (AR) is when the aortic valve does not close or seal properly, leading to backward blood circulation from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole. Common causes of AR include rheumatic heart disease, congenital valve defects, and aortic root dilation. Managing AR requires a multifaceted approach to alleviate symptoms, preserve left ventricular function, and address the underlying cause of the regurgitation. Patients with symptomatic AR or significant left...
Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management01:26

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management

Mitral stenosis, a condition marked by the narrowing of the mitral valve, necessitates an integrated approach for effective management. This approach includes preventative measures, medical therapy, and surgical interventions to reduce symptoms and prevent complications.PreventionPrevention of mitral stenosis primarily focuses on reducing the incidence of bacterial infections, particularly streptococcal infections, which can lead to rheumatic fever and subsequent valvular damage. Timely...
Aneurysm I: Introduction01:30

Aneurysm I: Introduction

An aortic aneurysm is a localized outpouching or dilation at a weak point in the artery wall. It may involve different parts of the aorta, such as the abdominal aorta, aortic arch, or thoracic aorta.Etiological factorsSeveral disorders are associated with aortic aneurysms.Congenital causes, such as primary connective tissue disorders like Marfan syndrome, impact the integrity and strength of connective tissues, notably affecting the aorta. Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder that specifically...

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A Rodent Model of The Ross Operation: Syngeneic Pulmonary Artery Graft Implantation in A Systemic Position
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Supravalvar aortic stenosis in infancy.

Max B Mitchell1, Steven P Goldberg

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of Colorado at Denver Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO, USA. mitchell.max@tchden.org

Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Annual
|March 30, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Supravalvar aortic stenosis (SVAS) is a rare genetic condition affecting the aorta. Infants with SVAS often have more complex heart issues, increasing surgical risks.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Genetics
  • Pediatric Surgery

Background:

  • Supravalvar aortic stenosis (SVAS) is a rare aortic root anomaly.
  • It stems from a genetic elastin production deficiency.
  • Associated cardiovascular lesions complicate surgical outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define risk factors impacting early and late outcomes in SVAS.
  • To investigate the influence of young age on surgical outcomes.
  • To assess the prevalence of associated elastin arteriopathy features in infants.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing surgical series for SVAS.
  • Analysis of patient data focusing on age at surgery.
  • Evaluation of concomitant cardiovascular lesions.

Main Results:

  • Associated features of elastin arteriopathy are more common in infants undergoing SVAS repair.
  • Concomitant lesions increase surgical complexity and risk for younger patients.
  • Risk factors for SVAS outcomes remain not well-defined due to small, long-term series.

Conclusions:

  • Infancy is a particularly challenging period for SVAS surgery.
  • Associated cardiovascular lesions significantly heighten the risks for infants with SVAS.
  • Further research is needed to clarify risk factors in this rare condition.