Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
Diabetic Nephropathy01:28

Diabetic Nephropathy

Definition Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic kidney complication that results from prolonged hyperglycemia.Prevalence It is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide, affecting up to half of individuals with diabetes.Pathophysiology • Sustained hyperglycemia triggers multiple hemodynamic and metabolic changes in the kidney. • Early in the disease, increased renal blood flow and glomerular hyperfiltration occur due to afferent arteriolar...
Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:30

Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure01:18

Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure

Hypertension, the most common cardiovascular disease, is diagnosed through repeated measurements of elevated blood pressure. Its risks, including damage to the kidney, heart, and brain, are directly proportional to blood pressure levels. Starting from 115/75 mm Hg, the risk of cardiovascular disease doubles with each increment of 20/10 mm Hg. The diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurements, not on patient symptoms, as hypertension is often asymptomatic until end-organ damage is imminent or...
Hypertension II: Pathophysiology01:29

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology

Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...
Antihypertensive Drugs: Direct Renin Inhibitors01:25

Antihypertensive Drugs: Direct Renin Inhibitors

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is an intricate physiological pathway involving numerous enzymes and hormones, including renin, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin I and II, and aldosterone. Imbalances within this system increase the production of angiotensin II and aldosterone. Increased angiotensin II levels promote vasoconstriction and blood pressure elevation. Concurrently, higher aldosterone levels stimulate sodium and water reabsorption in the kidneys,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Factitious acidosis and severe hypoalbuminemia caused by unsuspected assay interference.

Clinical kidney journal·2021
Same author

Novel non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in cardiorenal disease.

British journal of pharmacology·2021
Same author

Finerenone Reduces Risk of Incident Heart Failure in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease and Type 2 Diabetes: Analyses From the FIGARO-DKD Trial.

Circulation·2021
Same author

Hyperkalemia Risk with Finerenone: Results from the FIDELIO-DKD Trial.

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN·2021
Same author

Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in diabetic kidney disease - mechanistic and therapeutic effects.

Nature reviews. Nephrology·2021
Same author

Longitudinal Blood Pressure Patterns and Chronic Kidney Disease Progression: An Evolving Paradigm.

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)·2021

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

5/6th Nephrectomy in Combination with High Salt Diet and Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition to Induce Chronic Kidney Disease in the Lewis Rat
08:50

5/6th Nephrectomy in Combination with High Salt Diet and Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition to Induce Chronic Kidney Disease in the Lewis Rat

Published on: July 3, 2013

Renal function and target organ damage in hypertension.

Luis M Ruilope1, George L Bakris

  • 1Hypertension Unit, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain. ruilope@ad-hocbox.com

European Heart Journal
|March 30, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is common in hypertension patients. Protecting kidney function also protects cardiovascular health, using similar treatments for both conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Hypertension Research

Background:

  • Arterial hypertension and atherosclerosis share risk factors with chronic kidney disease (CKD).
  • CKD is increasingly recognized as a significant factor in cardiovascular risk.
  • The cardiorenal continuum highlights the interconnectedness of heart and kidney health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the relationship between CKD, arterial hypertension, and cardiovascular risk.
  • To emphasize the importance of renal function parameters in assessing overall health.
  • To highlight the benefits of renal protection for cardiovascular outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Assessing renal function through albuminuria and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).
  • Evaluating cardiovascular (CV) risk associated with microalbuminuria and decreased eGFR (<60 mL/min/1.73 m(2)).

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

5/6th Nephrectomy in Combination with High Salt Diet and Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition to Induce Chronic Kidney Disease in the Lewis Rat
08:50

5/6th Nephrectomy in Combination with High Salt Diet and Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition to Induce Chronic Kidney Disease in the Lewis Rat

Published on: July 3, 2013

  • Analyzing the impact of CKD on hypertensive patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disease.

    • Main Results:

    • Microalbuminuria and reduced eGFR are linked to significantly increased CV risk.
    • CKD exacerbates cardiovascular events and mortality in hypertensive patients.
    • Renal protection strategies are associated with improved cardiovascular protection.

    Conclusions:

    • CKD is a critical component of the cardiorenal continuum.
    • Monitoring renal function is essential for managing cardiovascular risk in hypertensive patients.
    • Treatments aimed at renal protection offer concurrent cardiovascular benefits.