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Prion protein polymorphisms affect chronic wasting disease progression.

Chad J Johnson1, Allen Herbst, Camilo Duque-Velasquez

  • 1Department of Comparative Bioscience, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America.

Plos One
|March 30, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chronic wasting disease (CWD) susceptibility in deer is influenced by prion protein gene (PRNP) variations. Specific PRNP alleles, like Q95H, significantly extend the incubation period for CWD in white-tailed deer.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Genetics
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy affecting cervids.
  • Naturally occurring CWD infections in cervids suggest a role for prion protein gene (PRNP) polymorphisms in disease susceptibility.
  • Understanding genetic factors influencing CWD progression is crucial for wildlife management and disease control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally determine the impact of specific PRNP gene polymorphisms on CWD susceptibility and incubation period in white-tailed deer.
  • To compare the incubation periods of deer with different PRNP genotypes following oral inoculation with the CWD agent.

Main Methods:

  • Oral inoculation of 12 white-tailed deer with CWD agent derived from wild-type (wt) deer.
  • Genotyping of deer for three PRNP alleles: wild-type (wt), Q95H, and G96S.
  • Monitoring deer for clinical signs of CWD and recording survival times post-inoculation.

Main Results:

  • All infected deer developed clinical CWD.
  • Wild-type (wt/wt) deer had an average incubation period of 693 days post-inoculation (dpi).
  • Deer with G96S/wt genotype had a longer incubation period (956 dpi).
  • Deer with Q95H allele (Q95H/wt and Q95H/G96S) exhibited significantly extended incubation periods (1,508 and 1,596 dpi, respectively).

Conclusions:

  • PRNP gene polymorphisms significantly influence the incubation period of chronic wasting disease in white-tailed deer.
  • The Q95H allele confers the greatest extension of the CWD incubation period.
  • Heterozygosity for PRNP alleles is associated with prolonged disease incubation, highlighting the importance of host genetics in CWD pathogenesis.