Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Stereotype Threat and Self-fulfilling Prophecies

Stereotype Threat and Self-fulfilling Prophecies

When we hold a stereotype about a person, we have expectations that he or she will fulfill that stereotype. A self-fulfilling prophecy is an expectation held by a person that alters his or her behavior in a way that tends to make it true. When we hold stereotypes about a person, we tend to treat the person according to our expectations. This treatment can influence the person to act according to our stereotypic expectations, thus confirming our stereotypic beliefs. Research by Rosenthal and...

Implicit Memories

Implicit Memories

Implicit memories, also known as non-declarative memories, are long-term memories that function outside of conscious awareness. These memories influence behavior and skills without explicit knowledge. This type of memory is evident in tasks like playing tennis, snowboarding, and texting. Implicit memory has three subsystems: procedural memory, conditioning, and priming. This type of memory is essential in various activities, from everyday tasks to specialized skills.
One key aspect of implicit...

Impact of Schemas

Impact of Schemas

Schemas are cognitive structures that provide a framework for interpreting and organizing social information. They help individuals navigate complex environments by offering expectations about people, events, and behaviors. Schemas influence attention, encoding, and retrieval processes, thereby shaping the entire trajectory of information processing in social contexts.Attention and Cognitive LoadDuring initial attention, schemas function as filters that prioritize schema-consistent information,...

Storage

Storage

A schema is a mental framework that helps individuals organize and interpret information. Schemata, formed from previous experiences, influence how we process new information: how we encode it, the inferences we make, and how we retrieve it. For instance, a schema for what a typical classroom looks like might include desks, a teacher's desk, a whiteboard, and students in such an environment. This expectation helps us quickly understand and navigate new classrooms without needing to analyze each...

Stereotype Content Model

Stereotype Content Model

The Stereotype Content Model (SCM) was first proposed by Susan Fiske and her colleagues (Fiske, Cuddy, Glick & Xu, 2002; see also Fiske, 2012 and Fiske, 2017). The SCM specifies that when someone encounters a new group, they will stereotype them based on two metrics: warmth—or that group’s perceived intent, and how likely they are to provide help or inflict harm—and competence—or their ability to carry out that objective. Depending on the warmth-competence categorization, a person will feel...

Schemas

Schemas

A schema is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts (Bartlett, 1932). There are many different types of schemata, and they all have one thing in common: schemata are a method of organizing information that allows the brain to work more efficiently. When a schema is activated, the brain makes immediate assumptions about the person or object being observed.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Alexithymia, self-reported external gain expectations, and overreporting on symptom validity tests in hospital patients: further evidence for the relevance of alexithymia.

Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists·2026

Same author

Evaluating the evidence for repressed memory recovery in psychedelic contexts.

Psychopharmacology·2026

Same author

Reducing Rape Myth Acceptance Through Educational Debunking.

Journal of interpersonal violence·2026

Same author

Cannabis intoxication does not impair eyewitness recall with the Sketch Cognitive Interview but increases confidence in lineup errors.

Scientific reports·2026

Same author

The Boredom-ADHD Nexus: A Narrative and Meta-Analytic Review of the Evidence.

Clinical child and family psychology review·2026

Same author

Intuitive or deliberative dishonesty: The effect of abstract versus concrete victim.

PloS one·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing

Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing

Published on: January 24, 2020

Adaptive memory: stereotype activation is not enough.

Henry Otgaar¹, Tom Smeets, Harald Merckelbach

¹Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands. Henry.Otgaar@maastrichtuniversity.nl

Memory & Cognition

|March 30, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Survival processing enhances memory recall. This study found that activating stereotypes does not explain the survival recall advantage, suggesting other mechanisms are at play for improved memorability.

More Related Videos

Using a Classroom-Based Deese Roediger McDermott Paradigm to Assess the Effects of Imagery on False Memories

Using a Classroom-Based Deese Roediger McDermott Paradigm to Assess the Effects of Imagery on False Memories

Published on: November 14, 2018

The Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) Task: A Simple Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate False Memories in the Laboratory

The Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) Task: A Simple Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate False Memories in the Laboratory

Published on: January 31, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing

Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing

Published on: January 24, 2020

Using a Classroom-Based Deese Roediger McDermott Paradigm to Assess the Effects of Imagery on False Memories

Using a Classroom-Based Deese Roediger McDermott Paradigm to Assess the Effects of Imagery on False Memories

Published on: November 14, 2018

The Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) Task: A Simple Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate False Memories in the Laboratory

The Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) Task: A Simple Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate False Memories in the Laboratory

Published on: January 31, 2017

Area of Science:

Cognitive Psychology
Memory Research

Background:

Survival processing is a known method to enhance memory recall.
The underlying mechanisms for this survival recall advantage are not fully understood.
One hypothesis suggests stereotype activation might contribute to this effect.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate if stereotype activation explains the survival recall advantage.
To compare recall performance between survival processing and stereotype priming.

Main Methods:

Two experiments were conducted with undergraduate participants.
Participants were exposed to different scenarios: survival, stereotype-primed (e.g., professor, elderly person, survival-stereotype), or a control (moving).
Recall was measured based on word relevance ratings to the assigned scenario.

Main Results:

Survival processing consistently led to a significantly greater recall advantage compared to stereotype-primed groups and the control group.
The activation of stereotypes did not produce a comparable recall enhancement to survival processing.

Conclusions:

The survival recall advantage is not attributable to the mere activation of stereotypes.
Further research is needed to elucidate the specific cognitive mechanisms behind enhanced survival memory.