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Predicting Amputation using Local Circulating Mononuclear Progenitor Cells in Angioplasty-treated Patients with Critical Limb Ischemia

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Does knee replacement surgery lead to chronic limb ischemia?

Alan G Dawson¹, Paul Bachoo, Alasdair G Sutherland

¹Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Aberdeen, United Kingdom. alan.g.dawson.04@aberdeen.ac.uk

The Journal of Knee Surgery

|March 31, 2011

Summary

Total knee replacement (TKR) surgery does not appear to increase the risk of chronic limb ischemia (CLI). This study found a low incidence of CLI in patients following TKR, suggesting it is a safe procedure regarding vascular complications.

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Area of Science:

Orthopedic Surgery
Vascular Surgery
Epidemiology

Background:

Total knee replacement (TKR) is a common orthopedic procedure.
Intraoperative arterial injury during TKR can potentially lead to chronic limb ischemia (CLI).
Understanding the incidence of CLI post-TKR is crucial for patient safety and surgical risk assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the incidence of chronic limb ischemia (CLI) following total knee replacement (TKR) surgery.
To investigate potential risk factors and associations between TKR and CLI.
To evaluate the vascular safety of TKR procedures.

Main Methods:

Retrospective cohort study identifying patients who underwent unilateral TKR between 2003 and 2004.
Exclusion of patients with diabetes mellitus and pre-existing peripheral arterial disease.
Assessment included demographic data, Oxford Knee Score, SF-12, KCH Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire, and Ankle Brachial Pressure Index (ABPI) measurement.

Main Results:

Out of 209 eligible patients, 86 (41%) participated.
Five participants (5.8%) exhibited a reduced ABPI, indicating potential CLI.
A higher Oxford Knee Score was observed in patients with reduced ABPI, but no other significant associations were found.

Conclusions:

Total knee replacement (TKR) surgery does not appear to significantly increase the risk of developing chronic limb ischemia (CLI).
The incidence of CLI post-TKR in this cohort was low.
Further research may explore specific patient factors influencing vascular outcomes after TKR.